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Can Unconditional In-Kind Transfers Keep Children Out of Work and in School? Evidence from Indonesia

Author

Listed:
  • Jayawardana Danusha

    (Centre for the Business and Economics of Health, The University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, Australia)

  • Baryshnikova Nadezhda V.

    (School of Economics, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia)

  • Pham Ngoc Thien Anh

    (School of Architecture and Built Environment, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia)

Abstract

Child labour is a global issue which creates a need for evidence-based interventions such as cash and in-kind transfers. However, there is limited evidence about the effect of in-kind transfers on child labour, impeding policy development. We address this gap by examining the impacts of an unconditional in-kind transfer, a nation-wide subsidised rice program, on child labour and schooling using longitudinal household survey data from Indonesia. To identify the causal effect, we use coarsened exact matching with difference-in-differences estimator. The results indicate that the program is effective in decreasing the probability of working for boys though it does not have a significant impact on the probability of schooling. However, as an unconditional in-kind transfer, its ability to decrease child work for boys, especially of those who are both working and attending school, provides an important policy implication on how a food subsidy program can indirectly influence child wellbeing.

Suggested Citation

  • Jayawardana Danusha & Baryshnikova Nadezhda V. & Pham Ngoc Thien Anh, 2021. "Can Unconditional In-Kind Transfers Keep Children Out of Work and in School? Evidence from Indonesia," The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 21(3), pages 1035-1065, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:bpj:bejeap:v:21:y:2021:i:3:p:1035-1065:n:1
    DOI: 10.1515/bejeap-2020-0442
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    Cited by:

    1. Nadezhda V. Baryshnikova & Ngoc T. A. Pham & Nicholas C. S. Sim, 2019. "Does Rice for Poor Subsidy Reduce Child Marriage?," School of Economics and Public Policy Working Papers 2019-05, University of Adelaide, School of Economics and Public Policy.
    2. Lorenz, Aaron & Lee, Yu Na, 2023. "On Rice and Weddings: Impacts of Food Assistance on Child Marriage in Indonesia," 2023 Annual Meeting, July 23-25, Washington D.C. 335954, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    child labour; schooling; food subsidy; raskin; Indonesia; coarsened exact matching; J82; I21; I38;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J82 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor Standards - - - Labor Force Composition
    • I21 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Analysis of Education
    • I38 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - Government Programs; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs

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