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Placemaking as an urban development strategy for making the Pattaya Innovation District

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  • Suwadee T. Hansasooksin
  • Nij Tontisirin

Abstract

Placemaking is a fundamental concept regarding the development of innovation districts, aiming to achieve an attractive and efficient physical design that makes the districts pleasant places to live and work in. The concept also emphasizes the process of neighbourhood creation that meaningfully respects and shows an understanding of place identity as well as social interactions, which are the foundation of knowledge‐based communities focusing on creativity, innovation, and research development. This study adopted social network analysis (SNA) as a tool to examine the daily activities of the people who live and travel in Pattaya City, Thailand's popular coastal tourist destination. Trip destinations and frequency of traveling could reflect some critical nodes of the activities. Spatial nodes and ties could be further developed into innovation districts that attract innovators and researchers aiming to create innovations that respond to the needs of the people. The questionnaire examining daily socio‐economic activities was distributed to 1,396 respondents, comprising three major groups of stakeholders: tourists, local people, and entrepreneurs. The findings showed that they routinely visited department stores, governmental offices, banks, and hospitals, located between North Pattaya and Central Pattaya. Such an area could potentially be developed as an innovation district, which means providing not only a cluster of jobs that generates innovation to serve local and travelling needs, but also a cluster of housing that creates a work and life balance. The analysis emphasizes the link between physical design and regional‐scaled policies that are often overlooked in policy implementation to promote innovations. El diseño de espacios públicos, o placemaking, es un concepto fundamental para el desarrollo de distritos innovadores, cuyo objetivo es lograr un diseño físico atractivo y eficiente que haga que los distritos sean lugares agradables para vivir y trabajar. El concepto también hace hincapié en un proceso de creación de vecindarios que respete y muestre de forma significativa la identidad del lugar, así como las interacciones sociales, que son la base de las comunidades basadas en el conocimiento centradas en el desarrollo de la creatividad, la innovación y la investigación. Este estudio adoptó el análisis de redes sociales (ARS) como herramienta para examinar las actividades diarias de las personas que viven y viajan en la ciudad de Pattaya, el popular destino turístico costero de Tailandia. Los destinos de los viajes y su frecuencia podrían reflejar algunos nodos críticos de las actividades. Los nodos y lazos espaciales se podrían desarrollar aún más fomentando distritos de innovación que atraigan a innovadores e investigadores, con el objetivo de crear innovaciones que respondan a las necesidades de la población. El cuestionario, que examinaba las actividades socioeconómicas cotidianas, se distribuyó a 1.396 personas, entre las que había tres grandes grupos de interesados: turistas, población local y emprendedores. Los resultados mostraron que habitualmente visitaban los grandes almacenes, las oficinas gubernamentales, los bancos y los hospitales, situados entre Pattaya Norte y Pattaya Centro. Esta zona podría desarrollarse como un distrito de innovación, lo que significa proporcionar no sólo un grupo de puestos de trabajo que genere innovación para servir a las necesidades locales y de los turistas, sino también un grupo de viviendas que cree un equilibrio entre el trabajo y la vida. El análisis hace hincapié en el vínculo entre el diseño físico y las políticas a escala regional que a menudo se pasan por alto en la aplicación de políticas para promover las innovaciones. プレイスメイキング (Placemaking:まちづくり)とは、イノベーション地区の開発に関わる基本的な概念であり、住むのにも働くのにも嬉しい地域にする魅力的で効果的な物理的デザインを目指すものである。この概念はまた、創造性、イノベーション、研究開発を目指す知識ベースのコミュニティの基礎である、場所のアイデンティティと社会的相互作用を理解することを、有意義に尊重し示す近隣地区の創造のプロセスを強調するものである。本研究では、タイの人気の海辺の観光地であるパタヤ市の住人及び旅行者の日常活動を調べるツールとしてソーシャルネットワーク分析 (social network analysis: SNA)を採用した。移動の目的地と移動の頻度は、活動の重要な拠点 (node)を反映する可能性がある。空間的な拠点や結合点は、人々のニーズに応えるイノベーションの創出を目指すイノベーターや研究者を惹きつけるイノベーション地区に発展する可能性がある。旅行者、地域住民、起業家の三つの主要な利害関係者からなる1,396人の回答者に毎日の社会経済活動を調べるアンケートを配布した。調査結果から、回答者は北パタヤと中央パタヤの間に位置するデパート、政府機関、銀行、病院を日常的に訪問していることが示された。これらの地域は、イノベーション地区として発展する可能性がある。イノベーション地区とは、地域や旅行のニーズに応えるためのイノベーションを生み出す雇用のクラスターだけでなく、仕事とライフバランスを作り出す住宅のクラスターも提供することを意味する。この分析結果は、革新を促進するための政策実施において看過されることが多い、物理的デザインと地域規模の政策との関連性を強調する。

Suggested Citation

  • Suwadee T. Hansasooksin & Nij Tontisirin, 2021. "Placemaking as an urban development strategy for making the Pattaya Innovation District," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 13(6), pages 1930-1950, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:rgscpp:v:13:y:2021:i:6:p:1930-1950
    DOI: 10.1111/rsp3.12400
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Loet Leydesdorff, 2012. "The Triple Helix, Quadruple Helix, …, and an N-Tuple of Helices: Explanatory Models for Analyzing the Knowledge-Based Economy?," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 3(1), pages 25-35, March.
    2. Arnault Morisson & Carmelina Bevilacqua, 2019. "Balancing gentrification in the knowledge economy: the case of Chattanooga’s innovation district," Urban Research & Practice, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 12(4), pages 472-492, October.
    3. McAdam, Maura & Miller, Kristel & McAdam, Rodney, 2016. "Situated regional university incubation: A multi-level stakeholder perspective," Technovation, Elsevier, vol. 50, pages 69-78.
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