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Going Organic: Converting Patagonia's Cotton Product Line

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  • Yvon Chouinard
  • Michael S. Brown

Abstract

The integration of industrial ecology principles into a business may mean significant changes in its customary activities. In this article, we present a case study of a decision by Patagonia, a manufacturer and distributor of clothing and gear for outdoor sports, to use only organically grown cotton for our cotton products as of spring I996.We describe the history of our efforts to reduce our environmental impacts, the relationship between understanding the life‐cycle impacts of garments in general and cotton in particular onour decision, and the changes required throughout the company to implement the decision. Although initial salesof the organic cotton products have met or exceeded expectations, most customers continue to buy our productsfor traditional reasons: quality, fit, styling, and brand. Westruggle to change consumer perceptions about the environmental significance of their purchases and influencemajor apparel manufacturers to make a similar switch. Our experience suggests, first, that consumers and industryneed to understand the principles of industrial ecology and, second, that environmental improvements must be integrated into all aspects of operations (e.g., marketing). Anunexpected benefit of the decision was an increase in our knowledge about the garment life cycle, which in turn improves our ability to develop new fabrics when off‐the‐shelf products do not meet our needs. Much remains to bedone, howevel; to reduce impacts associated with other aspects Of our products and corporate activities.

Suggested Citation

  • Yvon Chouinard & Michael S. Brown, 1997. "Going Organic: Converting Patagonia's Cotton Product Line," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 1(1), pages 117-129, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:inecol:v:1:y:1997:i:1:p:117-129
    DOI: 10.1162/jiec.1997.1.1.117
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    Cited by:

    1. Arnt Meyer, 2001. "What's in it for the customers? Successfully marketing green clothes," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 10(5), pages 317-330, September.
    2. Annica Bragd & Gavin Bridge & Frank den Hond & P. D. Jose, 1998. "Beyond greening: new dialogue and new approaches for developing sustainability," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 7(4), pages 179-192, September.
    3. S. J. Fowler & C. Hope, 2007. "Incorporating sustainable business practices into company strategy," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 16(1), pages 26-38, January.
    4. Katja Beyer & Marlen Gabriele Arnold, 2022. "Social sustainability in an evolving circular fashion industry: identifying and triangulating concepts across different publication groups [Soziale Nachhaltigkeit in einer sich entwickelnden zirkul," Sustainability Nexus Forum, Springer, vol. 30(1), pages 29-54, December.
    5. Walter J. V. Vermeulen & P. J. Ras, 2006. "The challenge of greening global product chains: meeting both ends," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 14(4), pages 245-256.
    6. Lu Zhang & Shuang Zhao & Li Cui & Lin Wu, 2020. "Exploring Green Innovation Practices: Content Analysis of the Fortune Global 500 Companies," SAGE Open, , vol. 10(1), pages 21582440209, March.
    7. Ian Wycherley, 1999. "Greening supply chains: the case of The Body Shop International," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 8(2), pages 120-127, March.
    8. Ramon Casadesus‐Masanell & Michael Crooke & Forest Reinhardt & Vishal Vasishth, 2009. "Households' Willingness to Pay for “Green” Goods: Evidence from Patagonia's Introduction of Organic Cotton Sportswear," Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 18(1), pages 203-233, March.
    9. Walter J. V. Vermeulen & Stefan Seuring, 2009. "Sustainability through the market - the impacts of sustainable supply chain management: introduction," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 17(5), pages 269-273.
    10. Andrea L. Larson, 2000. "Sustainable innovation through an entrepreneurship lens," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 9(5), pages 304-317, September.

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