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Rescaling Social Reproduction: Childcare in Toronto/Canada and Stockholm/Sweden

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  • RIANNE MAHON

Abstract

The last two decades have witnessed the restructuring and rescaling of the welfare regimes consolidated in the postwar era. More is involved, however, than rollbacks justified by neoliberal globalization and engineered via downloading to subnational scales. States are also being pushed to assume new responsibilities for social reproduction as a result of the ‘care crisis’ stemming from the death of the male breadwinner/female caregiver family form. This article focuses on the interaction between national welfare regimes and subnational sites — namely two important urban nodes in Canada (Toronto) and Sweden (Stockholm) where changing gender relations began to disrupt post‐war patterns of social reproduction earlier than in the rest of their respective countries. Both cities experimented with childcare programs that posed a challenge to their respective national policy regimes. In one case, local mobilization contributed to a significant policy shift at the national scale whereas the other experiment, having failed to induce change in the national regime, found its very viability increasingly imperilled. Les deux dernières décennies ont vu la restructuration et le redimensionnement des régimes de protection sociale élaborés dans la phase d’après‐guerre. Pourtant, il ne s’agit pas seulement de réductions justifiées par une mondialisation néolibérale et opérées en se déchargeant sur les niveaux subnationaux. En effet, les Etats sont forcés d’assumer de nouvelles responsabilités à l’égard de la reproduction sociale, du fait de la ‘crise des soins’ provoquée par la disparition de la configuration familiale de l’homme‐soutien de famille et de la femme‐pourvoyeuse de soins. Cet article se consacre à l’interaction entre systèmes sociaux nationaux et sites subnationaux à savoir deux nœuds urbains, Toronto au Canada et Stockholm en Suède, où l’évolution des relations entre genres vient perturber les schémas de reproduction sociale de l’après‐guerre plus rapidement que dans le reste du pays. Ces villes ont expérimenté des programmes d’aide à l’enfance qui ont remis en cause leurs systèmes respectifs de politique publique nationale. Dans un cas, la mobilisation locale a contribuéà un important changement politique au plan national tandis que l’autre, n’ayant pas réussi à susciter d’évolution nationale, a vu sa viabilité de plus en plus menacée.

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  • Rianne Mahon, 2005. "Rescaling Social Reproduction: Childcare in Toronto/Canada and Stockholm/Sweden," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 29(2), pages 341-357, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:ijurrs:v:29:y:2005:i:2:p:341-357
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2427.2005.00588.x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Crouch, Colin & Farrell, Henry, 2002. "Breaking the path of institutional development? Alternatives to the new determinism," MPIfG Discussion Paper 02/5, Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies.
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    Cited by:

    1. Alberta Andreotti & Enzo Mingione & Emanuele Polizzi, 2012. "Local Welfare Systems: A Challenge for Social Cohesion," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 49(9), pages 1925-1940, July.
    2. Mustafa Kemal Bayirbağ, 2013. "Continuity and Change in Public Policy: Redistribution, Exclusion and State Rescaling in Turkey," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 37(4), pages 1123-1146, July.
    3. Kevin Fox Gotham, 2014. "Racialization and Rescaling: Post-Katrina Rebuilding and the Louisiana Road Home Program," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 38(3), pages 773-790, May.

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