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Restricted mean survival time as a function of restriction time

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  • Yingchao Zhong
  • Douglas E. Schaubel

Abstract

Restricted mean survival time (RMST) is a clinically interpretable and meaningful survival metric that has gained popularity in recent years. Several methods are available for regression modeling of RMST, most based on pseudo‐observations or what is essentially an inverse‐weighted complete‐case analysis. No existing RMST regression method allows for the covariate effects to be expressed as functions over time. This is a considerable limitation, in light of the many hazard regression methods that do accommodate such effects. To address this void in the literature, we propose RMST methods that permit estimating time‐varying effects. In particular, we propose an inference framework for directly modeling RMST as a continuous function of L. Large‐sample properties are derived. Simulation studies are performed to evaluate the performance of the methods in finite sample sizes. The proposed framework is applied to kidney transplant data obtained from the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients.

Suggested Citation

  • Yingchao Zhong & Douglas E. Schaubel, 2022. "Restricted mean survival time as a function of restriction time," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 78(1), pages 192-201, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:biomet:v:78:y:2022:i:1:p:192-201
    DOI: 10.1111/biom.13414
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hongwei Zhao & Anastasios A. Tsiatis, 1999. "Efficient Estimation of the Distribution of Quality-Adjusted Survival Time," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 55(4), pages 1101-1107, December.
    2. Lu Tian & Haoda Fu & Stephen J. Ruberg & Hajime Uno & Lee†Jen Wei, 2018. "Efficiency of two sample tests via the restricted mean survival time for analyzing event time observations," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 74(2), pages 694-702, June.
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    4. Douglas E. Schaubel & Guanghui Wei, 2011. "Double Inverse-Weighted Estimation of Cumulative Treatment Effects Under Nonproportional Hazards and Dependent Censoring," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 67(1), pages 29-38, March.
    5. Lihui Zhao & Brian Claggett & Lu Tian & Hajime Uno & Marc A. Pfeffer & Scott D. Solomon & Lorenzo Trippa & L. J. Wei, 2016. "On the restricted mean survival time curve in survival analysis," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 72(1), pages 215-221, March.
    6. Pei-Yun Chen & Anastasios A. Tsiatis, 2001. "Causal Inference on the Difference of the Restricted Mean Lifetime Between Two Groups," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 57(4), pages 1030-1038, December.
    7. Guanghui Wei & Douglas E. Schaubel, 2008. "Estimating Cumulative Treatment Effects in the Presence of Nonproportional Hazards," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 64(3), pages 724-732, September.
    8. Xin Wang & Douglas E. Schaubel, 2018. "Modeling restricted mean survival time under general censoring mechanisms," Lifetime Data Analysis: An International Journal Devoted to Statistical Methods and Applications for Time-to-Event Data, Springer, vol. 24(1), pages 176-199, January.
    9. Min Zhang & Douglas E. Schaubel, 2011. "Estimating Differences in Restricted Mean Lifetime Using Observational Data Subject to Dependent Censoring," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 67(3), pages 740-749, September.
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    Cited by:

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