Sustainability Accounting and Its Application in Albania

Sustainability accounting is an emerging and evolving field of accounting that focuses on measuring, reporting, and managing the social, environmental, and economic impacts of corporate activities. This form of accounting helps organizations monitor and assess their performance in relation to sustainability and communicate their commitment to sustainable development to stakeholders. Over time, sustainability accounting has become a key instrument for companies seeking to meet legal requirements, enhance their image, and increase opportunities for green investment. International frameworks such as the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) and the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB) have provided guidance for reporting on Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) factors, allowing companies to measure and report their impacts in a comparable and reliable manner. Globally, the development of sustainability accounting has profoundly changed the way organizational financial and social performance is measured and evaluated. However, implementing these practices remains challenging, particularly in developing countries such as Albania, where a clear legal framework and institutional support are crucial for sustainable economic development. This paper explores the concept of sustainability accounting, the challenges and opportunities it presents, and its significance for global economies and businesses, with a special focus on its application in Albania.