Existing Solutions for Overcoming Construction Challenges in Water Treatment Plants

This paper is a wide-ranging review of the obstacles and solutions involved in the construction of water treatment facilities (WTPs) based solely on an up-to-date literature review. Water treatment is key to opening clean water access, but WTP establishment is hindered by some technical, environmental, financial, and administrative challenges. Among the issues listed are very high costs of construction and operation, challenges of site selection, high energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, unsustainability of materials, and various regulatory constraints. A paper also enumerates strategic methods of overcoming these constraints, including the integration of renewable energy sources, conducting life cycle assessments, preferring green materials, improving project planning and management, and increasing the involvement of stakeholders. The review, through the confluence of scholarly and technical sources, is an advocacy for multidisciplinary approaches, the use of green technologies, and policy reforms that would take place to enhance sustainability. The perspective is provided to assist policymakers, engineers, and project managers in making more effective decisions during future water infrastructure undertakings.