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Epidemiology of fetal alcohol syndrome in a South African community in the Western Cape Province

Author

Listed:
  • May, P.A.
  • Brooke, L.
  • Gossage, J.P.
  • Croxford, J.
  • Adnams, C.
  • Jones, K.L.
  • Robinson, L.
  • Viljoen, D.

Abstract

Objectives. This study determined the characteristics of fetal alcohol syndrome in a South African community, and methodology was designed for the multidisciplinary study of fetal alcohol syndrome in developing societies. Methods. An active case ascertainment, 2-tier methodology was used among 992 first-grade pupils. A case-control design, using measures of growth, development, dysmorphology, and maternal risk, delineated characteristics of children with fetal alcohol syndrome. Results. A high rate of fetal alcohol syndrome was found in the schools - 40.5 to 46.4 per 1000 children aged 5 to 9 years - and age-specific community rates (ages 6-7) were 39.2 to 42.9. These rates are 18 to 141 times greater than in the United States. Rural residents had significantly more fetal alcohol syndrome. After control for ethnic variation, children with fetal alcohol syndrome had traits similar to those elsewhere: poor growth and development, congruent dysmorphology, and lower intellectual functioning. Conclusions. This study documented the highest fetal alcohol syndrome rate to date in an overall community population. Fetal alcohol syndrome initiatives that incorporate innovative sampling and active case ascertainment methods can be used to obtain timely and accurate data among developing populations.

Suggested Citation

  • May, P.A. & Brooke, L. & Gossage, J.P. & Croxford, J. & Adnams, C. & Jones, K.L. & Robinson, L. & Viljoen, D., 2000. "Epidemiology of fetal alcohol syndrome in a South African community in the Western Cape Province," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 90(12), pages 1905-1912.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:2000:90:12:1905-1912_5
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    Cited by:

    1. Giorgie Petković & Ingeborg Barišić, 2013. "Prevalence of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and Maternal Characteristics in a Sample of Schoolchildren from a Rural Province of Croatia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-15, April.
    2. Parmenter, Trevor R., 2011. "Promoting training and employment opportunities for people with intellectual disabilities : international experience," ILO Working Papers 994663503402676, International Labour Organization.
    3. Morojele, Neo K. & London, Leslie & Olorunju, Steve A. & Matjila, Maila J. & Davids, Adlai S. & Rendall-Mkosi, Kirstie M., 2010. "Predictors of risk of alcohol-exposed pregnancies among women in an urban and a rural area of South Africa," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 70(4), pages 534-542, February.
    4. Yasmin Bowers & Adlai Davids & Leslie London, 2020. "Alcohol Outlet Density and Deprivation in Six Towns in Bergrivier Municipality before and after Legislative Restrictions," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-13, January.
    5. John Ataguba, 2012. "Alcohol policy and taxation in South Africa," Applied Health Economics and Health Policy, Springer, vol. 10(1), pages 65-76, January.
    6. Melissa Lubbe & Corné Van Walbeek & Nicole Vellios, 2017. "The Prevalence of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and Its Impact on a Child’s Classroom Performance: A Case Study of a Rural South African School," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-10, August.
    7. Philip A. May & Marlene M. De Vries & Anna-Susan Marais & Wendy O. Kalberg & David Buckley & Colleen M. Adnams & Julie M. Hasken & Barbara Tabachnick & Luther K. Robinson & Melanie A. Manning & Heidre, 2017. "Replication of High Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Prevalence Rates, Child Characteristics, and Maternal Risk Factors in a Second Sample of Rural Communities in South Africa," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-22, May.
    8. Philip A. May & Anna-Susan Marais & Marlene De Vries & Julie M. Hasken & Julie M. Stegall & Dixie M. Hedrick & Cudore L. Snell & Soraya Seedat & Charles D.H. Parry, 2019. "“The Dop System of Alcohol Distribution is Dead, but It’s Legacy Lives On….”," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-17, October.
    9. Watt, Melissa H. & Eaton, Lisa A. & Choi, Karmel W. & Velloza, Jennifer & Kalichman, Seth C. & Skinner, Donald & Sikkema, Kathleen J., 2014. "“It's better for me to drink, at least the stress is going away”: Perspectives on alcohol use during pregnancy among South African women attending drinking establishments," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 116(C), pages 119-125.
    10. repec:ilo:ilowps:466350 is not listed on IDEAS

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