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The development of sex differences in cardiovascular disease mortality: A historical perspective

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  • Nikiforov, S.V.
  • Mamaev, V.B.

Abstract

Objectives. Little is known about why males have higher cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality rates than do females. An important factor that has hampered efforts in this regard is the lack of clarity about whether male excess mortality from CVD has existed throughout history. To answer this question, an investigation was conducted of trends in CVD mortality differences between the sexes from the time when data first became available until the present, including the full range of age groups. Methods. Mortality statistics for CVD in England and Wales from 1861 through 1992 and in the United States from 1900 through 1991 were used. Results. Three stages in the relationship between male and female CVD mortality were found: (1) An early stages of equal male and female mortality, (2) a stage of the appearance of sex differences in mortality, and (3) a stage with consistently present male excess mortality. Conclusion. Male excess mortality from CVD has not always been present in the historical record. Further research is needed to elucidate the causes of this excess mortality.

Suggested Citation

  • Nikiforov, S.V. & Mamaev, V.B., 1998. "The development of sex differences in cardiovascular disease mortality: A historical perspective," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 88(9), pages 1348-1353.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:1998:88:9:1348-1353_4
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    Cited by:

    1. C Mary Schooling & Tai Hing Lam & G Neil Thomas & Benjamin J Cowling & Michelle Heys & Edward D Janus & Gabriel M Leung & for the Hong Kong Cardiovascular Risk Factor Prevalence Study Steering Committ, 2007. "Growth Environment and Sex Differences in Lipids, Body Shape and Diabetes Risk," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 2(10), pages 1-9, October.
    2. Tina Hannemann & Hill Kulu & Leen Rahnu & Allan Puur & Mihaela Hărăguş & Ognjen Obućina & Amparo González-Ferrer & Karel Neels & Layla Van den Berg & Ariane Pailhé & Gina Potarca & Laura Bernardi, 2018. "Co-ethnic marriage versus intermarriage among immigrants and their descendants: A comparison across seven European countries using event-history analysis," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 39(17), pages 487-524.
    3. Virginia Zarulli & Rune Lindahl-Jacobsen & James W. Vaupel, 2020. "Onset of the old-age gender gap in survival," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 42(25), pages 727-740.

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