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State medical marijuana laws and the prevalence of opioids detected among fatally injured drivers

Author

Listed:
  • Kim, J.H.
  • Santaella-Tenorio, J.
  • Mauro, C.
  • Wrobel, J.
  • Cerda, M.
  • Keyes, K.M.
  • Hasin, D.
  • Martins, S.S.
  • Li, G.

Abstract

Objectives. To assess the association between medical marijuana laws (MMLs) and the odds of a positive opioid test, an indicator for prior use. Methods. We analyzed 1999-2013 Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) data from 18 states that tested for alcohol and other drugs in at least 80% of drivers who died within 1 hour of crashing (n = 68 394). Within-state and between-state comparisons assessed opioid positivity among drivers crashing in states with an operational MML (i.e., allowances for home cultivation or active dispensaries) versus drivers crashing in states before a future MML was operational. Results. State-specific estimates indicated a reduction in opioid positivity for most states after implementation of an operational MML, although none of these estimates were significant. When we combined states, we observed no significant overall association (odds ratio [OR] = 0.79; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.61, 1.03). However, age-stratified analyses indicated a significant reduction in opioid positivity for drivers aged 21 to 40 years (OR = 0.50; 95% CI = 0.37, 0.67; interaction P

Suggested Citation

  • Kim, J.H. & Santaella-Tenorio, J. & Mauro, C. & Wrobel, J. & Cerda, M. & Keyes, K.M. & Hasin, D. & Martins, S.S. & Li, G., 2016. "State medical marijuana laws and the prevalence of opioids detected among fatally injured drivers," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 106(11), pages 2032-2037.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:10.2105/ajph.2016.303426_4
    DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2016.303426
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    Cited by:

    1. Junxing Chay & Seonghoon Kim, 2022. "Heterogeneous health effects of medical marijuana legalization: Evidence from young adults in the United States," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 31(2), pages 269-283, February.
    2. Powell, David & Pacula, Rosalie Liccardo & Jacobson, Mireille, 2018. "Do medical marijuana laws reduce addictions and deaths related to pain killers?," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 29-42.
    3. Cameron M. Ellis & Martin F. Grace & Rhet A. Smith & Juan Zhang, 2022. "Medical cannabis and automobile accidents: Evidence from auto insurance," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 31(9), pages 1878-1897, September.
    4. Gregory Conyers & Ian Ayres, 2020. "A lottery test of the effect of dispensaries on emergency room visits in Arizona," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 29(8), pages 854-864, August.
    5. McMichael, Benjamin J. & Van Horn, R. Lawrence & Viscusi, W. Kip, 2020. "The impact of cannabis access laws on opioid prescribing," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).
    6. Jiebing Wen & Hefei Wen & J. S. Butler & Jeffery C. Talbert, 2021. "The impact of medical and recreational marijuana laws on opioid prescribing in employer‐sponsored health insurance," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 30(5), pages 989-1000, May.

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