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Health disparities in drug- and alcohol-use disorders: A 12-year longitudinal study of youths after detention

Author

Listed:
  • Welty, L.J.
  • Harrison, A.J.
  • Abram, K.M.
  • Olson, N.D.
  • Aaby, D.A.
  • McCoy, K.P.
  • Washburn, J.J.
  • Teplin, L.A.

Abstract

Objectives. To examine sex and racial/ethnic differences in the prevalence of 9 substance-use disorders (SUDs) - alcohol, marijuana, cocaine, hallucinogen or PCP, opiate, amphetamine, inhalant, sedative, and unspecified drug - in youths during the 12 years after detention. Methods. We used data from the Northwestern Juvenile Project, a prospective longitudinal study of 1829 youths randomly sampled from detention in Chicago, Illinois, starting in 1995 and re-interviewed up to 9 times in the community or correctional facilities through 2011. Independent interviewers assessed SUDs with Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children 2.3 (baseline) and Diagnostic Interview Schedule version IV (follow-ups). Results. By median age 28 years, 91.3% of males and 78.5% of females had ever had an SUD. At most follow-ups, males had greater odds of alcohol- and marijuana-use disorders. Drug-use disorders were most prevalent among non-Hispanic Whites, followed by Hispanics, then African Americans (e.g., compared with African Americans, non-Hispanic Whites had 32.1 times the odds of cocaine-use disorder [95% confidence interval = 13.8, 74.7]). Conclusions. After detention, SUDs differed markedly by sex, race/ethnicity, and substance abused, and, contrary to stereotypes, did not disproportionately affect African Americans. Services to treat substance abuse - during incarceration and after release - would reach many people in need, and address health disparities in a highly vulnerable population.

Suggested Citation

  • Welty, L.J. & Harrison, A.J. & Abram, K.M. & Olson, N.D. & Aaby, D.A. & McCoy, K.P. & Washburn, J.J. & Teplin, L.A., 2016. "Health disparities in drug- and alcohol-use disorders: A 12-year longitudinal study of youths after detention," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 106(5), pages 872-880.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:10.2105/ajph.2015.303032_4
    DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2015.303032
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    Cited by:

    1. Lee, Lewis Hyukseung & Goodkind, Sara & Shook, Jeffrey J., 2017. "Racial/ethnic disparities in prior mental health service use among incarcerated adolescents," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 23-31.
    2. Offiong, Asari & Powell, Terrinieka W. & Lewis, Quiana & Smith, Bianca & Prioleau, Morgan, 2020. "“I missed open arms”: The need for connectedness among Black youth affected by parental drug use," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 114(C).
    3. Gearhart, Michael C. & Berg, Kristen & Barnhart, Sheila & Bender, Annah & Jones, Courtney, 2023. "Police behaviors and procedural justice: Testing predictors of police-initiated post-traumatic stress symptoms," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).

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