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Modeling the impact of social discrimination and financial hardship on the sexual risk of HIV among Latino and Black men who have sex with men

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  • Ayala, G.
  • Bingham, T.
  • Kim, J.
  • Wheeler, D.P.
  • Millett, G.A.

Abstract

Objectives: We examined the impact of social discrimination and financial hardship on unprotected anal intercourse with a male sex partner of serodiscordant or unknown HIV status in the past 3 months among 1081 Latino and 1154 Black men who have sex with men (MSM; n = 2235) residing in Los Angeles County, California; New York, New York; and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Methods. We administered HIV testing and a questionnaire assessing 6 explanatory variables. We combined traditional mediation analysis with the results of a path analysis to simultaneously examine the direct, indirect, and total effects of these variables on the outcome variable. Results. Bivariate analysis showed that homophobia, racism, financial hardship, and lack of social support were associated with unprotected anal intercourse with a serodiscordant or sero-unknown partner. Path analysis determined that these relations were mediated by participation in risky sexual situations and lack of social support. However, paths between the explanatory variable and 2 mediating variables varied by participants' serostatus. Conclusions. Future prevention research and program designs should specifically address the differential impact of social discrimination and financial hardship on lack of social support and risky sexual situations among Latino and Black MSM.

Suggested Citation

  • Ayala, G. & Bingham, T. & Kim, J. & Wheeler, D.P. & Millett, G.A., 2012. "Modeling the impact of social discrimination and financial hardship on the sexual risk of HIV among Latino and Black men who have sex with men," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 102(S2), pages 242-249.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:10.2105/ajph.2011.300641_9
    DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300641
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    Cited by:

    1. Duncan, Dustin T. & Ransome, Yusuf & Park, Su Hyun & Jackson, Skyler D. & Kawachi, Ichiro & Branas, Charles C. & Knox, Justin & Al-Ajlouni, Yazan A. & Mountcastle, Hayden & Miles, Caleb H. & Hickson, , 2021. "Neighborhood social cohesion, religious participation and sexual risk behaviors among cisgender black sexual minority men in the southern United States," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).
    2. Noah Uhrig, S.C., 2014. "An examination of poverty and sexual orientation in the UK," ISER Working Paper Series 2014-02, Institute for Social and Economic Research.
    3. Shirley J Semple & Eileen V Pitpitan & David Goodman-Meza & Steffanie A Strathdee & Claudia V Chavarin & Gudelia Rangel & Karla Torres & Thomas L Patterson, 2017. "Correlates of condomless anal sex among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Tijuana, Mexico: The role of public sex venues," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(10), pages 1-16, October.
    4. Yusuf Ransome & Meagan Zarwell & William T Robinson, 2019. "Participation in community groups increases the likelihood of PrEP awareness: New Orleans NHBS-MSM Cycle, 2014," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(3), pages 1-11, March.
    5. Christopher Chauncey Watson & Leo Wilton & Jonathan Paul Lucas & Lawrence Bryant & Gregory D. Victorianne & Kerry Aradhya & Sheldon D. Fields & Darrell P. Wheeler & on behalf of the HPTN Black Caucus, 2020. "Development of a Black Caucus within the HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN): Representing the Perspectives of Black Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-16, February.

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