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Perceived discrimination and hypertension among African Americans in the Jackson Heart Study

Author

Listed:
  • Sims, M.
  • Diez-Roux, A.V.
  • Dudley, A.
  • Gebreab, S.
  • Wyatt, S.B.
  • Bruce, M.A.
  • James, S.A.
  • Robinson, J.C.
  • Williams, D.R.
  • Taylor, H.A.

Abstract

Objectives: Using Jackson Heart Study data, we examined whether perceived discrimination was associated with prevalent hypertension in African Americans. Methods. Everyday discrimination, lifetime discrimination, burden of discrimination, and stress from discrimination were examined among 4939 participants aged 35 to 84 years (women = 3123; men = 1816). We estimated prevalence ratios of hypertension by discrimination, and adjusted for age, gender, socioeconomic status, and risk factors. Results. The prevalence of hypertension was 64.0% in women and 59.7% in men. After adjustment for age, gender, and socioeconomic status, lifetime discrimination and burden of discrimination were associated with greater hypertension prevalence (prevalence ratios for highest vs lowest quartile were 1.08 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02, 1.15] and 1.09 [95% CI = 1.02,1.16] for lifetime discrimination and burden of discrimination, respectively). Associations were slightly weakened after adjustment for body mass index and behavioral factors. No associations were observed for everyday discrimination. Conclusions. Further understanding the role of perceived discrimination in the etiology of hypertension may be beneficial in eliminating hypertension disparities.

Suggested Citation

  • Sims, M. & Diez-Roux, A.V. & Dudley, A. & Gebreab, S. & Wyatt, S.B. & Bruce, M.A. & James, S.A. & Robinson, J.C. & Williams, D.R. & Taylor, H.A., 2012. "Perceived discrimination and hypertension among African Americans in the Jackson Heart Study," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 102(S2), pages 258-265.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:10.2105/ajph.2011.300523_6
    DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300523
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    Cited by:

    1. María José Martos-Méndez & Alba García-Cid & Luis Gómez-Jacinto & Isabel Hombrados-Mendieta, 2020. "Perceived Discrimination, Psychological Distress and Cardiovascular Risk in Migrants in Spain," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-18, June.
    2. Thomas Laidley & Benjamin Domingue & Piyapat Sinsub & Kathleen Mullan Harris & Dalton Conley, 2019. "New Evidence of Skin Color Bias and Health Outcomes Using Sibling Difference Models: A Research Note," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 56(2), pages 753-762, April.
    3. Quinn, Edward B. & Ross, Jessica D. & Boston, P. Qasimah & Committee, HEAT Steering & Mulligan, Connie J. & Gravlee, Clarence C., 2023. "The social patterning of vicarious discrimination: Implications for health equity," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 332(C).
    4. Barr, Ashley B. & Simons, Ronald L. & Beach, Steven R.H. & Simons, Leslie Gordon, 2022. "Racial discrimination and health among two generations of African American couples," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 296(C).
    5. Darya Korlyakova, 2022. "Do Pessimistic Expectations About Discrimination Make Minorities Withdraw Their Effort? Causal Evidence," CERGE-EI Working Papers wp731, The Center for Economic Research and Graduate Education - Economics Institute, Prague.
    6. Nancy Krieger & Pamela D Waterman & Anna Kosheleva & Jarvis T Chen & Kevin W Smith & Dana R Carney & Gary G Bennett & David R Williams & Gisele Thornhill & Elmer R Freeman, 2013. "Racial Discrimination & Cardiovascular Disease Risk: My Body My Story Study of 1005 US-Born Black and White Community Health Center Participants (US)," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(10), pages 1-15, October.
    7. Clifton C. Addison & Brenda W. Campbell Jenkins & Darcel Odom & Marty Fortenberry & Gregory Wilson & Lavon Young & Donna Antoine-LaVigne, 2015. "Building Collaborative Health Promotion Partnerships: The Jackson Heart Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    8. Eli K. Michaels & Alexis N. Reeves & Marilyn D. Thomas & Melisa M. Price & Rebecca E. Hasson & David H. Chae & Amani M. Allen, 2019. "Everyday Racial Discrimination and Hypertension among Midlife African American Women: Disentangling the Role of Active Coping Dispositions versus Active Coping Behaviors," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(23), pages 1-18, November.
    9. Lukachko, Alicia & Hatzenbuehler, Mark L. & Keyes, Katherine M., 2014. "Structural racism and myocardial infarction in the United States," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 42-50.
    10. Barry A. Franklin & Akash Rusia & Cindy Haskin-Popp & Adam Tawney, 2021. "Chronic Stress, Exercise and Cardiovascular Disease: Placing the Benefits and Risks of Physical Activity into Perspective," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-17, September.
    11. Dóra Chor & Antonio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro & Marilia Sá Carvalho & Bruce Bartholow Duncan & Paulo Andrade Lotufo & Aline Araújo Nobre & Estela Mota Lima Leão de Aquino & Maria Inês Schmidt & Rosane Härter, 2015. "Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment and Influence of Socioeconomic Variables on Control of High Blood Pressure: Results of the ELSA-Brasil Study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(6), pages 1-14, June.
    12. Anne M. Weaver & Gregory A. Wellenius & Wen-Chih Wu & DeMarc A. Hickson & Masoor Kamalesh & Yi Wang, 2016. "Residential Proximity to Major Roadways Is Not Associated with Cardiac Function in African Americans: Results from the Jackson Heart Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-12, June.
    13. Lawrence, Jourdyn A. & Kawachi, Ichiro & White, Kellee & Bassett, Mary T. & Williams, David R., 2022. "Associations between multiple indicators of discrimination and allostatic load among middle-aged adults," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 298(C).

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