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Studies with staggered starts: Multiple baseline designs and group-randomized trials

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  • Rhoda, D.A.
  • Murray, D.M.
  • Andridge, R.R.
  • Pennell, M.L.
  • Hade, E.M.

Abstract

Objectives. Multiple baseline designs (MBDs) have been suggested as alternatives to group-randomized trials (GRT). We reviewed structural features of MBDs and considered their potential effectiveness in public health research. We also reviewed the effect of staggered starts on statistical power. Methods. We reviewed the MBD literature to identify key structural features, recent suggestions that MBDs be adopted in public health research, and the literature on power in GRTs with staggered starts. We also computed power for MBDs and GRTs. Results. The features that have contributed to the success of small MBDs in some fields are not likely to translate well to public health research. MBDs can be more powerful than GRTs under some conditions, but those conditions involve assumptions that require careful evaluation in practice. Conclusions. MBDs will often serve better as a complement of rather than as an alternative to GRTs. GRTs may employ staggered starts for logistical or ethical reasons, but this will always increase their duration and will often increase their cost.

Suggested Citation

  • Rhoda, D.A. & Murray, D.M. & Andridge, R.R. & Pennell, M.L. & Hade, E.M., 2011. "Studies with staggered starts: Multiple baseline designs and group-randomized trials," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 101(11), pages 2164-2169.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:10.2105/ajph.2011.300264_2
    DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300264
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    Cited by:

    1. Linda J Harrison & Tom Chen & Rui Wang, 2020. "Power calculation for cross‐sectional stepped wedge cluster randomized trials with variable cluster sizes," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 76(3), pages 951-962, September.
    2. Yuqi Ren & James P. Hughes & Patrick J. Heagerty, 2020. "A Simulation Study of Statistical Approaches to Data Analysis in the Stepped Wedge Design," Statistics in Biosciences, Springer;International Chinese Statistical Association, vol. 12(3), pages 399-415, December.
    3. Macmillan, A.K. & Hosking, J. & L. Connor, J. & Bullen, C. & Ameratunga, S., 2013. "A Cochrane systematic review of the effectiveness of organisational travel plans: Improving the evidence base for transport decisions," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 249-256.
    4. Lawrie, Jock & Carlin, John B. & Forbes, Andrew B., 2015. "Optimal stepped wedge designs," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 210-214.

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