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Macrolevel stressors, terrorism, and mental health outcomes: Broadening the stress paradigm

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  • Richman, J.A.
  • Cloninger, L.
  • Rospenda, K.M.

Abstract

Objectives. We examined the extent to which the stress paradigm linking psychosocial stressors to mental health status has focused disproportionate attention on microlevel social stressors to the detriment of macrolevel stressors. Also, we assessed the effects of the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, on subsequent mental health among participants in a Midwestern cohort study. Methods. Respondents in a 6-wave longitudinal mail survey completed questionnaires before September 11, 2001, and again in 2003 and 2005. Regression analyses focused on measures of negative terrorism-related beliefs and fears, as well as psychological distress and deleterious alcohol use outcomes measured both before and after September 11. Results. Negative terrorism-related beliefs and fears assessed in 2003 predicted distress and drinking outcomes in 2005 after control for sociodemographic characteristics and pre-September 11 distress and drinking. Conclusions. The events of September 11 continue to negatively affect the mental health of the American population. Our results support the utility of according greater attention to the effects of such macrolevel social stressors in population studies embracing the stress paradigm.

Suggested Citation

  • Richman, J.A. & Cloninger, L. & Rospenda, K.M., 2008. "Macrolevel stressors, terrorism, and mental health outcomes: Broadening the stress paradigm," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 98(2), pages 323-329.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:10.2105/ajph.2007.113118_1
    DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2007.113118
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    Cited by:

    1. Prabal Roy Chowdhury & Jaideep Roy, 2011. "Aid in times of terror," Discussion Papers 11-08, Indian Statistical Institute, Delhi.
    2. Satya P. Das & Prabal Roy Chowdhury, 2014. "Deterrence, Preemption, And Panic: A Common-Enemy Problem Of Terrorism," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 52(1), pages 219-238, January.
    3. Rachel Pomazal & Kristen M. C. Malecki & Laura McCulley & Noah Stafford & Mikayla Schowalter & Amy Schultz, 2023. "Changes in Alcohol Consumption during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from Wisconsin," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(7), pages 1-14, March.
    4. Johann Park & Valentina Bali, 2017. "International Terrorism and the Political Survival of Leaders," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 61(7), pages 1343-1370, August.
    5. Rhodes, Tim & Bivol, Stela, 2012. "“Back then” and “nowadays”: Social transition narratives in accounts of injecting drug use in an East European setting," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 74(3), pages 425-433.
    6. Satya P. Das & Prabal Roy Chowdhury, 2008. "Deterrence, preemption and panic: A Common-enemy problem of terrorism," Discussion Papers 08-04, Indian Statistical Institute, Delhi.

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