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African Americans' access to healthy food options in South Los Angeles restaurants

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  • Lewis, L.B.
  • Sloane, D.C.
  • Nascimento, L.M.
  • Diamant, A.L.
  • Guinyard, J.J.
  • Yancey, A.K.
  • Flynn, G.

Abstract

Objectives. We examined availability and food options at restaurants in less affluent (target area) and more affluent (comparison area) areas of Los Angeles County to compare residents' access to healthy meals prepared and purchased away from home. We also considered environmental prompts that encourage the purchase of various foods. Methods. We designed an instrument to assess the availability, quality, and preparation of food in restaurants. We also assessed advertisements and promotions, cleanliness, and service for each restaurant. We assessed 659 restaurants: 348 in the target area and 311 in the comparison area. Results. The nutritional resource environment in our target area makes it challenging for residents to eat healthy away from home. Poorer neighborhoods with a higher proportion of African American residents have fewer healthy options available, both in food selections and in food preparation; restaurants in these neighborhoods heavily promote unhealthy food options to residents. Conclusions. Environment is important in understanding health status: support for the healthy lifestyle associated with lower risks for disease is difficult in poorer communities with a higher proportion of African American residents.

Suggested Citation

  • Lewis, L.B. & Sloane, D.C. & Nascimento, L.M. & Diamant, A.L. & Guinyard, J.J. & Yancey, A.K. & Flynn, G., 2005. "African Americans' access to healthy food options in South Los Angeles restaurants," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 95(4), pages 668-673.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:10.2105/ajph.2004.050260_4
    DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2004.050260
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    1. Lorna K. Fraser & Kimberly L. Edwards & Janet Cade & Graham P. Clarke, 2010. "The Geography of Fast Food Outlets: A Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 7(5), pages 1-19, May.
    2. Gabriela O. Chiciudean & Rezhen Harun & Iulia C. Muresan & Felix H. Arion & Daniel I. Chiciudean & Garofita L. Ilies & Diana E. Dumitras, 2019. "Assessing the Importance of Health in Choosing a Restaurant: An Empirical Study from Romania," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-15, June.
    3. Chang, Virginia W., 2006. "Racial residential segregation and weight status among US adults," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 63(5), pages 1289-1303, September.
    4. Tarabashkina, Liudmila & Quester, Pascale & Crouch, Roberta, 2016. "Exploring the moderating effect of children's nutritional knowledge on the relationship between product evaluations and food choice," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 145-152.
    5. Alan C. Logan & Susan L. Prescott, 2017. "Astrofood, Priorities and Pandemics: Reflections of an Ultra-Processed Breakfast Program and Contemporary Dysbiotic Drift," Challenges, MDPI, vol. 8(2), pages 1-24, September.
    6. Rachel Meltzer & Jenny Schuetz, 2012. "Bodegas or Bagel Shops? Neighborhood Differences in Retail and Household Services," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 26(1), pages 73-94, February.
    7. Joshua F. Ceñido & C. Freeman & Shahrzad Bazargan-Hejazi, 2019. "Environmental Interventions for Physical and Mental Health: Challenges and Opportunities for Greater Los Angeles," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-14, June.
    8. J. Valiente-Neighbours, 2012. "Mobility, embodiment, and scales: Filipino immigrant perspectives on local food," Agriculture and Human Values, Springer;The Agriculture, Food, & Human Values Society (AFHVS), vol. 29(4), pages 531-541, December.
    9. Greg Rybarczyk & Dorceta Taylor & Shannon Brines & Richard Wetzel, 2019. "A Geospatial Analysis of Access to Ethnic Food Retailers in Two Michigan Cities: Investigating the Importance of Outlet Type within Active Travel Neighborhoods," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(1), pages 1-18, December.
    10. Han, Jeehee & Schwartz, Amy Ellen & Elbel, Brian, 2020. "Does proximity to fast food cause childhood obesity? Evidence from public housing," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    11. Amy Hillier, 2008. "Childhood Overweight and the Built Environment: Making Technology Part of the Solution rather than Part of the Problem," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 615(1), pages 56-82, January.
    12. Fraser, L.K. & Edwards, K.L. & Tominitz, M. & Clarke, G.P. & Hill, A.J., 2012. "Food outlet availability, deprivation and obesity in a multi-ethnic sample of pregnant women in Bradford, UK," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 75(6), pages 1048-1056.
    13. Brian A. Chu & Vijaya Surampudi & Zhaoping Li & Christina Harris & Teresa Seeman & Keith C. Norris & Tara Vijayan, 2022. "Micronutrient Deficiency as a Confounder in Ascertaining the Role of Obesity in Severe COVID-19 Infection," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-13, January.
    14. Champagne, Marie-Pier & Dubé, Jean & Barla, Philippe, 2022. "Build it and they will come: How does a new public transit station influence building construction?," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 100(C).
    15. Sanghyo Kim & Kyei-Im Lee & Seong-Yoon Heo & Seung-Chul Noh, 2020. "Identifying Food Deserts and People with Low Food Access, and Disparities in Dietary Habits and Health in Korea," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-21, October.
    16. Ravensbergen, Léa & Buliung, Ron & Wilson, Kathi & Faulkner, Guy, 2016. "“Socioeconomic inequalities in children's accessibility to food retailing: Examining the roles of mobility and time”," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 81-89.
    17. Senem Kozaman Som & Betul Sengezer & Ayse Nur Okten, 2011. "The Changing Structure of Mass Housing Development in Istanbul," ERSA conference papers ersa10p1399, European Regional Science Association.
    18. Quintero, Jose H. & Malone, Trey & Byrne, Anne T. & Reardon, Thomas A. & Carpenter, Craig W., 2023. "How public transportation investments alter food-at-home and food-away-from-home decisions," 2023 Annual Meeting, July 23-25, Washington D.C. 335828, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    19. Do, D. Phuong & Dubowitz, Tamara & Bird, Chloe E. & Lurie, Nicole & Escarce, Jose J. & Finch, Brian K., 2007. "Neighborhood context and ethnicity differences in body mass index: A multilevel analysis using the NHANES III survey (1988-1994)," Economics & Human Biology, Elsevier, vol. 5(2), pages 179-203, July.
    20. Heo, Seong-Yoon & Lee, Kyei-Im & Zulauf, Carl R. & Noh, Seung-Chul & Kim, Sang-Hyo, 2017. "Identification of and Consumer Behavior in Food Deserts: A Case Study of South Korea," 2017 Annual Meeting, July 30-August 1, Chicago, Illinois 258503, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    21. Shervin Assari & Maryam Moghani Lankarani, 2018. "Educational Attainment Promotes Fruit and Vegetable Intake for Whites but Not Blacks," J, MDPI, vol. 1(1), pages 1-13, June.
    22. Susan Bagwell, 2011. "The Role of Independent Fast-Food Outlets in Obesogenic Environments: A Case Study of East London in the UK," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 43(9), pages 2217-2236, September.

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