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Social circumstances and education: Life course origins of social inequalities in metabolic risk in a prospective national birth cohort

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  • Langenberg, C.
  • Kuh, D.
  • Wadsworth, M.E.J.
  • Brunner, E.
  • Hardy, R.

Abstract

Objectives. We investigated the relative importance of education and childhood and adult social class in the risk of metabolic syndrome. Methods. We conducted a prospective birth cohort study of 1311 men and 1318 women aged 53 years in 1999, when metabolic syndrome components were measured. Logistic regression analyses were used to calculate relative index of inequality estimates. Results. Relative to men and women at the highest education levels, men (odds ratio [OR] = 2.0; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.2, 3.2) and women (OR = 2.7; 95% CI = 1.5, 4.6) with the least education were at twice the risk or more of having the metabolic syndrome. Adjustment for childhood and adult social class strengthened this result among men and weakened it among women. Childhood social class was independently associated with the metabolic syndrome in women (OR = 2.0; 95% CI = 1.1, 3.6) but not in men (OR = 1.1; 95% CI = 0.7, 1.8). Associations between adult social class and the metabolic syndrome or its components were largely accounted for by childhood socioeconomic measures. Conclusions. Educational differences should be considered in the design of interventions aimed at reducing the burden of the metabolic syndrome in socially disadvantaged groups.

Suggested Citation

  • Langenberg, C. & Kuh, D. & Wadsworth, M.E.J. & Brunner, E. & Hardy, R., 2006. "Social circumstances and education: Life course origins of social inequalities in metabolic risk in a prospective national birth cohort," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 96(12), pages 2216-2221.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:10.2105/ajph.2004.049429_8
    DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2004.049429
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    1. Clouston, Sean A.P. & Natale, Ginny & Link, Bruce G., 2021. "Socioeconomic inequalities in the spread of coronavirus-19 in the United States: A examination of the emergence of social inequalities," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 268(C).
    2. C Mary Schooling & Tai Hing Lam & G Neil Thomas & Benjamin J Cowling & Michelle Heys & Edward D Janus & Gabriel M Leung & for the Hong Kong Cardiovascular Risk Factor Prevalence Study Steering Committ, 2007. "Growth Environment and Sex Differences in Lipids, Body Shape and Diabetes Risk," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 2(10), pages 1-9, October.
    3. Anh D. Ngo & Catherine Paquet & Natasha J. Howard & Neil T. Coffee & Anne W. Taylor & Robert J. Adams & Mark Daniel, 2014. "Area-Level Socioeconomic Characteristics, Prevalence and Trajectories of Cardiometabolic Risk," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-19, January.
    4. Gustafsson, Per E. & Hammarström, Anne, 2012. "Socioeconomic disadvantage in adolescent women and metabolic syndrome in mid-adulthood: An examination of pathways of embodiment in the Northern Swedish Cohort," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 74(10), pages 1630-1638.
    5. Manuela Abbate & Jordi Pericas & Aina M. Yañez & Angel A. López-González & Joan De Pedro-Gómez & Antoni Aguilo & José M. Morales-Asencio & Miquel Bennasar-Veny, 2021. "Socioeconomic Inequalities in Metabolic Syndrome by Age and Gender in a Spanish Working Population," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(19), pages 1-16, September.
    6. Dinne Skjærlund Christensen & Trine Flensborg-Madsen & Ellen Garde & Åse Marie Hansen & Jolene Masters Pedersen & Erik Lykke Mortensen, 2018. "Early life predictors of midlife allostatic load: A prospective cohort study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(8), pages 1-15, August.
    7. Khlat, Myriam & Jusot, Florence & Ville, Isabelle, 2009. "Social origins, early hardship and obesity: A strong association in women, but not in men?," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 68(9), pages 1692-1699, May.
    8. Per E Gustafsson & Urban Janlert & Töres Theorell & Hugo Westerlund & Anne Hammarström, 2012. "Do Peer Relations in Adolescence Influence Health in Adulthood? Peer Problems in the School Setting and the Metabolic Syndrome in Middle-Age," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(6), pages 1-10, June.

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