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Escuelas, maestras y territorios. Capacidades estatales y capital humano en Uruguay, 1877-1910

Author

Listed:
  • Camilo Martínez Rodríguez

    (Universidad de la República, Uruguay)

Abstract

El artículo aborda la temprana expansión escolar uruguaya en América Latina durante la Primera Globalización. Con la reforma escolar de 1877 el sistema escolar uruguayo se volvió altamente centralizado, con una fuerte impronta estatal en la toma de decisiones, entre las que se incluye la distribución de fondos públicos. A través de las memorias de la Dirección de Instrucción Pública, se evidencia el crecimiento significativo del presupuesto escolar, concentrado en el pago de salarios y conformando, tempranamente, una rama laboral altamente feminizada. A diferencia de otras experiencias históricas, la oferta escolar pública se concentró en territorios menos prósperos, mientras que la demanda educativa uruguaya fue mayor en las regiones económicas más prósperas. Otra desigualdad se encontró en el tipo de establecimiento escolar, siendo las escuelas rurales el núcleo del enrolamiento público. Sin embargo, conformaron establecimientos con menores niveles de formación, lo que derivó en desigualdades educativas relevantes entre Montevideo y los restantes departamentos. KEY Classification-JEL: N36; N46; I25; I28

Suggested Citation

  • Camilo Martínez Rodríguez, 2023. "Escuelas, maestras y territorios. Capacidades estatales y capital humano en Uruguay, 1877-1910," Investigaciones de Historia Económica - Economic History Research (IHE-EHR), Journal of the Spanish Economic History Association, Asociación Española de Historia Económica, vol. 19(01), pages 17-30.
    • Handle: RePEc:ahe:invest:v:19:y:2023:i:01:p:17-30
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.33231/j.ihe.2022.12.001
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Educación pública; Legislación escolar; Uruguay; Primera Globalización;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • N36 - Economic History - - Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Welfare, Income, Wealth, Religion, and Philanthropy - - - Latin America; Caribbean
    • N46 - Economic History - - Government, War, Law, International Relations, and Regulation - - - Latin America; Caribbean
    • I25 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Education and Economic Development
    • I28 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Government Policy

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