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La Zarzamora (Rubus Sp.), Cultivo Alternativo Para El Estado De Sonora

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  • Moller, Amparo del Carmen Meza
  • Figueroa, María Gabriela Romo
  • Ochoa, Víctor René Duarte
  • Aguilar, Ramón Navarro

Abstract

Sonora se ha caracterizado por ser uno de los principales estados reconocidos internacionalmente por su producción en melón, calabaza, sandía, uva de mesa, nuez. Dada la ubicación geográfica y la existencia de microclimas se han evaluado cultivos alternativos de alto valor comercial para promover la diversificación de especies. A partir de un proyecto financiado por Fundación Produce Sonora, se estableció en el campo de CESUES en la zona agrícola de Estación Pesqueira, una parcela experimental en la cual se evaluaron dos variedades de zarzamora: Brazos, considerada por sus características de rusticidad y Tupy, la cual ha desplazado a Brazos en regiones productoras del centro del país, por su tamaño y cualidades de poscosecha, características importantes al ser un fruto con limitada vida de anaquel. Estas variedades fueron establecidas en un área de 400 m2cada una, y en una primera etapa se realizó un ensayo de producción (2007) para observar la adaptabilidad a las condiciones climáticas imperantes en la parcela. La cosecha de zarzamora fue en el mes de Mayo la cual es una época del año crítica por la cosecha de uva de mesa y considerando a futuro la disponibilidad de mano de obra, se implementaron estrategias de manejo forzado del cultivo para adelantar la fructificación y cosecha en dos ciclos 2008-2009 y 2009-2010, además de evitar las altas temperaturas y tener un período de cosecha más extenso. Se experimentaron condiciones de forzado establecidas para las regiones de Michoacán y Puebla, no obteniendo resultados de adelanto de producción, para lo cual se necesitará optimizar las condiciones para la región agrícola sonorense. Se cuantificó una producción equivalente a la de zonas productoras, no se presentaron enfermedades y únicamente se presentó un problema de plaga (Thrips) para el cual se implementó control biológico. Se concluyó que la zarzamora es un cultivo con potencial para establecerse extensivamente en el Estado de Sonora y de ser comercializado en el mercado estadounidense......Sonora has been characterized internationally as one of the major producing states in products like melon, squash, watermelon, grapes and pecans. Given the geographic location and the existence of microclimates it has been proved alternative crops of high commercial value to modify the diversification of species. From a project funded by Fundación Produce Sonora, were established in the field in the agricultural CESUES academic facility in Estación Pesqueira, two blackberries varieties: Brazos, considered by its characteristics of wildness and Tupy, which has replaced Brazos in the center regions of México for its size and post-harvest qualities, characteristics important to being a fruit with little shelf life. These varieties were established in an area of 400 m2 each, and at early stage of production conducted to look for adaptability to climatic conditions prevailing in the crop area, blackberry production was in the month of May which is a critical season for table grape production and considering the future the availability of labor, management strategies were implemented to further forced fruiting blackberry and harvested in two cycles 2008-2009 and 2009-2010, and avoid high temperatures and have a more extended harvest period. Established forced conditions were experienced for regions from Michoacán and Puebla, getting no results in advance of production, which will need to optimize the conditions for the agricultural region of Sonora. We quantified production equivalent to the producing areas, there were no disease and only had a problem pest (Thrips) for which biological control was implemented. It was concluded that the blackberry is a crop with the potential to be establish in Sonora State and being marketed in the United States.

Suggested Citation

  • Moller, Amparo del Carmen Meza & Figueroa, María Gabriela Romo & Ochoa, Víctor René Duarte & Aguilar, Ramón Navarro, 2013. "La Zarzamora (Rubus Sp.), Cultivo Alternativo Para El Estado De Sonora," Revista Mexicana de Agronegocios, Sociedad Mexicana de Administracion Agropecuaria, vol. 33(July-Dece), pages 1-8.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:remeag:155135
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.155135
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