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Trade policy and wage gradients: evidence from a protectionist turn

Author

Listed:
  • Daniel A. Tirado

    (Departament d’Anàlisi Econòmica, Universitat de València, València, Spain)

  • Jordi Pons

    (Departament d’Econometria, Estadística i Economia Espanyola and CAEPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain)

  • Elisenda Paluzie

    (Departament de Teoria Econòmica and CAEPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Av Diagonal 690, 08034, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain)

  • Julio Martínez-Galarraga

    (Departament d’Anàlisi Econòmica, Universitat de València, València, Spain)

Abstract

In the spirit of Hanson (Econ J 107:113–133, 1997), we analyse, first, the existence of a relationship between the wage level and the market potential of Spanish regions; second, we explore the relative importance of domestic and foreign markets in this relationship; and finally, we examine the existence of a regional nominal wage gradient in Spain during the interwar period (1914–1930) centred on the main industrial cluster, Barcelona, and its transformation following the increase in protectionism in the Spanish economy as well as in the international economy. As suggested by NEG literature, our results support the hypothesis of a relationship between wages and regional market access and show the change in the regional wage structure following the gradual closing of the Spanish economy and of Spain’s trade partners, as a result of the increasing importance of the domestic market. We find evidence of the existence of a regional wage gradient centred on Barcelona which weakened during these years. Therefore, in Spain, during the interwar period, protectionist policies appear to have favoured the loss of centrality of a border region (Barcelona) and the relative rise of other locations.

Suggested Citation

  • Daniel A. Tirado & Jordi Pons & Elisenda Paluzie & Julio Martínez-Galarraga, 2013. "Trade policy and wage gradients: evidence from a protectionist turn," Cliometrica, Journal of Historical Economics and Econometric History, Association Française de Cliométrie (AFC), vol. 7(3), pages 295-318, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:afc:cliome:v:7:y:2013:i:3:p:295-318
    DOI: 10.1007/s11698-012-0090-y
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Liu, Dan & Meissner, Christopher M., 2015. "Market potential and the rise of US productivity leadership," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 96(1), pages 72-87.
    2. Emma M., Iglesias & J. Carles, Maixé-Altés, 2021. "Money Market Integration in Spain in the Ninetheen Century: The Role of the 1875-1885 Decade," MPRA Paper 109219, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Beltrán Tapia, Francisco J. & Díez-Minguela, Alfonso & Martinez-Galarraga, Julio, 2018. "Tracing the Evolution of Agglomeration Economies: Spain, 1860–1991," The Journal of Economic History, Cambridge University Press, vol. 78(1), pages 81-117, March.
    4. Rafael González-Val & Pau Insa-Sánchez & Julio Martinez-Galarraga & Daniel A. Tirado-Fabregat, 2022. "Market access, the skill premium and human capital in Spain (1860-1930)," Working Papers 0229, European Historical Economics Society (EHES).
    5. Julio Martinez-Galarraga & Daniel A. Tirado & Rafael González-Val, 2015. "Market potential and regional economic growth in Spain (1860–1930)," European Review of Economic History, European Historical Economics Society, vol. 19(4), pages 335-358.
    6. Carlo Ciccarelli & Alberto Dalmazzo & Daniela Vuri, 2021. "Home Sweet Home: the Effect of Sugar Protectionism on Emigration in Italy, 1876‐1913," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 100(4), pages 925-957, August.
    7. Julio Martinez-Galarraga & Elisenda Paluzie & Jordi Pons & Javier Silvestre & Daniel A. Tirado, 2021. "New economic geography and economic history: a survey of recent contributions through the lens of the Spanish industrialization process," Cliometrica, Journal of Historical Economics and Econometric History, Association Française de Cliométrie (AFC), vol. 15(3), pages 719-751, September.
    8. Julio Martínez-Galarraga, 2014. "Market potential estimates in history: a survey of methods and an application to Spain, 1867-1930," Working Papers 0051, European Historical Economics Society (EHES).
    9. Francisco J. Beltran Tapia & Julio Martinez-Galarrage, 2015. "Inequality and poverty in a developing economy: Evidence from regional data (Spain, 1860-1930)," Working Papers 0078, European Historical Economics Society (EHES).
    10. Huang, Qiong & Chand, Satish, 2015. "Spatial spillovers of regional wages: Evidence from Chinese provinces," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 97-109.
    11. Triki, Mohamed Bilel, 2019. "The Italian wage curve revisited: A local and spatial cointegration," Applied Econometrics, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), vol. 55, pages 73-90.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Trade policy; Protectionism; Industrial agglomerations; Wage gradients;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • N64 - Economic History - - Manufacturing and Construction - - - Europe: 1913-
    • N94 - Economic History - - Regional and Urban History - - - Europe: 1913-
    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • F15 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Economic Integration
    • F16 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade and Labor Market Interactions

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