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Digital Incentives in Surveys: Response Rates and Sociodemographic Effects in a Large-Scale Parental Nudge Intervention

Author

Listed:
  • Kalena E. Cortes
  • Brian Holzman
  • Melissa Gentry
  • Miranda Lambert

Abstract

This study examines how digital incentives influence survey participation and engagement in a large randomized controlled trial of parents across six school districts. We test how incentive amount and information about vendor options affect response behavior and explore differences by language background. Incentivized parents were more likely to engage in the program, from starting the survey to choosing an essential-goods gift card. However, Spanish-speaking parents exhibited distinct patterns—greater survey participation rates but lower gift redemption rates. Increasing incentive value and providing advance information both improved engagement. Findings inform the design of equitable, effective digital incentive strategies for diverse populations.

Suggested Citation

  • Kalena E. Cortes & Brian Holzman & Melissa Gentry & Miranda Lambert, 2026. "Digital Incentives in Surveys: Response Rates and Sociodemographic Effects in a Large-Scale Parental Nudge Intervention," AEA Papers and Proceedings, American Economic Association, vol. 116, pages 611-617, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:aea:apandp:v:116:y:2026:p:611-617
    DOI: 10.1257/pandp.20261123
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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • C83 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology; Computer Programs - - - Survey Methods; Sampling Methods
    • I21 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Analysis of Education
    • J12 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Marriage; Marital Dissolution; Family Structure
    • J13 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Fertility; Family Planning; Child Care; Children; Youth
    • J15 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Minorities, Races, Indigenous Peoples, and Immigrants; Non-labor Discrimination

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