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Uncertainty Shocks, Adjustment Costs, and Firm Beliefs: Evidence from a Representative Survey

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  • Andreas Dibiasi
  • Heiner Mikosch
  • Samad Sarferaz

Abstract

This paper studies the dynamic effects of an uncertainty shock on firm expectations. We conduct a survey that confronts managers from a representative firm sample with a model-consistent uncertainty shock scenario. An exogenous increase in uncertainty significantly reduces managers' expected investment, employment, and production in the short and mid run. We collect novel direct firm-level measures for different types of capital and labor adjustment costs. Adjustment costs vary strongly across types and sectors. They help explain firms' reactions to the shock, which provides evidence for the relevance of real options channels. We compare the findings to DSGE and VAR results.

Suggested Citation

  • Andreas Dibiasi & Heiner Mikosch & Samad Sarferaz, 2025. "Uncertainty Shocks, Adjustment Costs, and Firm Beliefs: Evidence from a Representative Survey," American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, American Economic Association, vol. 17(3), pages 36-73, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:aea:aejmac:v:17:y:2025:i:3:p:36-73
    DOI: 10.1257/mac.20220318
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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • C83 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology; Computer Programs - - - Survey Methods; Sampling Methods
    • D84 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty - - - Expectations; Speculations
    • E22 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Investment; Capital; Intangible Capital; Capacity
    • E23 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Production
    • E24 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capital; Aggregate Labor Productivity
    • G31 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Capital Budgeting; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies
    • J23 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Demand

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