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Beyond Nicotine Gateway Hypothesis

Author

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  • Somchai Bovornkitti

    (The Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok)

Abstract

“A gateway drug is a drug that lowers the threshold for addiction to other agents†[1]. Psychological studies involving humans suggested that addiction is a form of learning and that relapse is a persistent memory of the drug experiences [2]. It is the gene transcription factor cyclic AMP response-element-binding protein (CREB) acting as a switch, converting short-term memory to long-term memory, referred to as the acetylation of chromatin structures [3]. For nicotine gateway hypothesis, data from a group of students, aged 15.7 to 34.2 years, showing the majority of cocaine users (75.2%) were smoking during the month they began using cocaine [4], and the rate of cocaine dependence was highest (20.2%) among users who started using cocaine after having smoked cigarettes, in contrast to dependence among persons who had begun using cocaine before they started smoking (6.3%) and among those who had never smoked more than 100 cigarettes (10.1%) [5].

Suggested Citation

  • Somchai Bovornkitti, 2019. "Beyond Nicotine Gateway Hypothesis," JOJ Internal Medicine, Juniper Publishers Inc., vol. 1(2), pages 62-63, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:adp:jjojim:v:1:y:2019:i:2:p:62-63
    DOI: 10.19080/JOJIM.2019.01.555563
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