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The Effects of Climate Change and Rivers Damming in the Mediterranean Sea during the Twentieth Century

Author

Listed:
  • MC Garcia Martinez
  • M Vargas Yanez
  • F Moya

    (Instituto Espanol de Oceanografia, Centro Oceanografico de Malaga, Spain)

  • P Zunino

    (Univ Brest, Laboratoire d’Oceanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS), France)

  • B Bautista
  • MC Garcia Martinez

    (Universidad de Málaga Departamento de Ecologia, Facultad de Ciencias, Spain)

Abstract

The Mediterranean Sea transforms Atlantic Waters inflowing through the Strait of Gibraltar into saltier, cooler and denser Mediterranean Waters that outflow into the Atlantic Ocean. A theoretical steady state functioning of the Mediterranean Sea would be the result of the balance between the net heat and volume transports through the Strait of Gibraltar and the heat loss to the atmosphere through the sea surface and the net evaporation. The salt transport for the inflow and outflow should be balanced. Changes in the heat content, temperature and salinity of the Mediterranean waters reveal that the present Mediterranean functioning is out of this equilibrium state. A new analysis for MEDAR data shows that the temperature and salinity averaged for the Mediterranean Waters in the whole basin increased at rates of 0.1 oC/100 yr and 0.02 psu/100 yr during the twentieth century. This temperature trend is equivalent to 0.14 W/m2 heat absorption.

Suggested Citation

  • MC Garcia Martinez & M Vargas Yanez & F Moya & P Zunino & B Bautista & MC Garcia Martinez, 2018. "The Effects of Climate Change and Rivers Damming in the Mediterranean Sea during the Twentieth Century," International Journal of Environmental Sciences & Natural Resources, Juniper Publishers Inc., vol. 8(4), pages 109-130, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:adp:ijesnr:v:8:y:2018:i:4:p:109-130
    DOI: 10.19080/IJESNR.2018.08.555741
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    Keywords

    earth and environment journals; environment journals; open access environment journals; peer reviewed environmental journals; open access; juniper publishers; ournal of Environmental Sciences; juniper publishers journals ; juniper publishers reivew;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • R00 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General - - - General
    • Z0 - Other Special Topics - - General

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