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A Novel Approach to Minimizing Pesticide Exposure to Bees in Agricultural Ecosystems

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  • Francis A Drummond

    (School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA)

Abstract

Many cropping systems are dependent upon insect pollinators, especially bees. This is especially the case for most fruits and nuts and some vegetables. However, pest management in these crops may require pesticide applications that can lead to exposing bees with the resulting residues. Recently, several farmer cooperatives, universities, and government agencies have developed guidelines to minimize pesticide exposure to bees within the crop environment. Many of these tactics depend upon choosing least toxic alternative pesticides, minimizing pesticide drift, and/or utilizing pest monitoring in combination with action thresholds that result in pesticides only being applied when farmers are threatened with economic loss greater than the cost of the pesticide application. Few tactics are based upon knowledge of bee behavior that may minimize pesticide exposure.

Suggested Citation

  • Francis A Drummond, 2019. "A Novel Approach to Minimizing Pesticide Exposure to Bees in Agricultural Ecosystems," Agricultural Research & Technology: Open Access Journal, Juniper Publishers Inc., vol. 23(3), pages 323-325, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:adp:artoaj:v:23:y:2019:i:3:p:323-325
    DOI: 10.19080/ARTOAJ.2019.23.556234
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