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Evolution of Anesthetic Monitoring. A Personal and Historical Perspective (1974 – Present)

Author

Listed:
  • Luiz Eduardo Imbelloni

    (Researcher Without Institution, Anesthesiology Consultant at Somosalle Group, São Paulo, SP, Brazil)

  • José Roberto de Rezende Costa

    (Anesthesiologist and Medical Examiner, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil)

  • Anna Lúcia Calaça Rivoli

    (Anesthesiologist at the National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil)

  • Sylvio Valença de Lemos Neto

    (Head of the Anesthesiology Service of the National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil)

  • Antonio Fernando Carneiro

    (Professor of Anesthesiology at the UFG Faculty of Medicine, Goiânia, GO, Brazil)

Abstract

Monitoring during anesthesia is one of the fundamental pillars of patient safety in the perioperative period. From the beginnings of modern anesthesia in the mid-19th century to current integrated and predictive systems, the evolution of monitoring reflects technological advances, a greater understanding of human physiology, and the development of anesthesiology as a medical specialty.

Suggested Citation

  • Luiz Eduardo Imbelloni & José Roberto de Rezende Costa & Anna Lúcia Calaça Rivoli & Sylvio Valença de Lemos Neto & Antonio Fernando Carneiro, 2026. "Evolution of Anesthetic Monitoring. A Personal and Historical Perspective (1974 – Present)," Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research, Biomedical Research Network+, LLC, vol. 65(3), pages 57675-57683, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:abf:journl:v:65:y:2026:i:3:p:57675-57683
    DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2026.65.010190
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    JEL classification:

    • R00 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General - - - General
    • Z0 - Other Special Topics - - General

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