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Disaster risk financing and contingent credit : a dynamic analysis

Author

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  • Clarke, Daniel
  • Mahul, Olivier

Abstract

This paper aims to assist policy makers interested in establishing or strengthening financial strategies to increase the financial response capacity of developing country governments in the aftermath of natural disasters, while protecting their long-term fiscal balance. Contingent credit is shown to increase the ability of governments to self-insure by relaxing their short-term liquidity constraints. In many situations, contingent credit is most effectively used to facilitate risk retention for middle layers, with reserves used for bottom layers and risk transfer (for example, reinsurance) for top layers. Discussions with governments on the optimal use of contingent credit instruments as part of a sovereign catastrophe risk financing strategy can be guided by the output of a dynamic financial analysis model specifically developed to allow for the provision of contingent credit, in addition to reserves and/or reinsurance. This model is illustrated with three country case studies: agricultural production risks in India; tropical cyclone risk in Fiji; and earthquake risk in Costa Rica.

Suggested Citation

  • Clarke, Daniel & Mahul, Olivier, 2011. "Disaster risk financing and contingent credit : a dynamic analysis," Policy Research Working Paper Series 5693, The World Bank.
    • Handle: RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:5693
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ghesquiere,Francis & Mahul,Olivier, 2010. "Financial protection of the state against natural disasters : a primer," Policy Research Working Paper Series 5429, The World Bank.
    2. Gollier, Christian, 2002. "Time diversification, liquidity constraints, and decreasing aversion to risk on wealth," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 49(7), pages 1439-1459, October.
    3. Boot, Arnoud W A & Greenbaum, Stuart I & Thakor, Anjan V, 1993. "Reputation and Discretion in Financial Contracting," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 83(5), pages 1165-1183, December.
    4. Boot, Arnoud W. A., 2000. "Relationship Banking: What Do We Know?," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 9(1), pages 7-25, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Daniel J. Clarke & Olivier Mahul & Richard Poulter & Tse-Ling Teh, 2017. "Evaluating Sovereign Disaster Risk Finance Strategies: A Framework," The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance - Issues and Practice, Palgrave Macmillan;The Geneva Association, vol. 42(4), pages 565-584, October.
    2. Clarke,Daniel Jonathan & Mahul,Olivier & Verma,Niraj, 2012. "Index based crop insurance product design and ratemaking : the case of modified NAIS in India," Policy Research Working Paper Series 5986, The World Bank.
    3. Balaei, Behrooz & Noy, Ilan & Wilkinson, Suzanne & Potangaroa, Regan, 2021. "Economic factors affecting water supply resilience to disasters," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 76(C).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Insurance&Risk Mitigation; Access to Finance; Debt Markets; Bankruptcy and Resolution of Financial Distress; Financial Intermediation;
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