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Protecting the environment and the poor - a public goods framework applied to Indonesia

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Author Info
Eskeland, Gunnar
Chingying Kong
Abstract

As is evident from public finance principles, redistribution objectives do not influence environmental policies if there are other, costless means of redistribution. How does optimal environmental protection depend on redistribution objectives? The authors develop a framework that treats air quality as a pure public good, and tracks net beneficiaries as those who value air quality improvements more than their costs in a pollution control strategy. The framework highlights the distributional characteristics of the public good and of the costs for the control strategy. One critical parameter for the distributional characteristics of the public good is the elasticity (with respect to income) of willingness to pay for environmental improvements. Strategies to control urban air pollution would be altered by redistribution objectives -- to be more aggressive in reducing emission from luxury goods such as transport (private and general) and less aggressive for goods more heavily consumed by the poor (including several energy sources). Some air pollution control strategies cover urban and rural areas, For those, optimal pollution control would typically be reduced by redistribution objectives, as rural households are net losers, and they are poorer.

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Paper provided by The World Bank in its series Policy Research Working Paper Series with number 1961.

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Date of creation: 31 Aug 1998
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Handle: RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:1961

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Keywords: Pollution Management&Control; Economic Theory&Research; Public Health Promotion; Environmental Economics&Policies; Water and Industry; Pollution Management&Control; Energy and Environment; Environmental Economics&Policies; Economic Theory&Research; Water and Industry;

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  5. Besley, Timothy J & Kanbur, S M Ravi, 1988. "Food Subsidies and Poverty Alleviation," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 98(392), pages 701-19, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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