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Les politiques publiques des biotechnologies médicales (diagnostic préimplantatoire, thérapie génique, clonage) en Allemagne, en France et au Royaume-Uni

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  • Anne-Sophie Paquez

    (Centre de recherches politiques de Sciences Po)

Abstract

Les années 1990 ont vu se succéder des « premières » dans le domaine des biotechnologies médicales (diagnostic préimplantatoire, thérapie génique, clonage), faisant passer des thèmes de la science-fiction à des enjeux politiques majeurs et soulevant alors de vifs débats sur la légitimité, les modalités et, au-delà, le sens d’une action publique. Ces pratiques, qui bouleversent la conception civilisationnelle traditionnelle, ont radicalisé la perception d’une crise du progrès et d’un risque moral. L’objectif de la thèse est de mettre en évidence si ces « nouvelles » questions ont suscité des modes d’action publique originaux. La comparaison entre l’Allemagne, la France et le Royaume-Uni, trois Etats européens qui ont fondé leur développement sur la science, permet d’identifier ce qui, dans la formulation des politiques publiques, relève de la nature de l’objet ou du contexte. L’analyse du droit, du cadre institutionnel et des mesures de soutien à la recherche et à l’industrie montre, entre les trois Etats, des différences majeures qui tendent néanmoins, depuis 1990, à s’estomper. Cette relative convergence, aux niveaux du gouvernement (au sens large de ce terme) et du style politique, amène à s’interroger sur les facteurs du changement et, en regard, sur le phénomène de « résistance » à de nouvelles technologies.

Suggested Citation

  • Anne-Sophie Paquez, 2007. "Les politiques publiques des biotechnologies médicales (diagnostic préimplantatoire, thérapie génique, clonage) en Allemagne, en France et au Royaume-Uni," Sciences Po publications info:hdl:2441/5404, Sciences Po.
  • Handle: RePEc:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/5404
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