IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/smu/ecowpa/2013.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Propensity Score Weighting with Mismeasured Covariates: An Application to Two Financial Literacy Interventions

Author

Listed:
  • Hao Dong

    (Southern Methodist University)

  • Daniel L. Millimet

    (Southern Methodist University)

Abstract

Estimation of the causal effect of a binary treatment on outcomes often requires conditioning on covariates to address selection on observed variables. This is not straightforward when one or more of the covariates are measured with error. Here, we present a new semi-parametric estimator that addresses this issue. In particular, we focus on inverse propensity score weighting estimators when the propensity score is of an unknown functional form and some covariates are subject to classical measurement error. Our proposed solution involves deconvolution kernel estimators of the propensity score and the regression function weighted by a deconvolution kernel density estimator. Simulations and replication of a study examining the impact of two financial literacy interventions on the business practices of entrepreneurs show our estimator to be valuable to empirical researchers.

Suggested Citation

  • Hao Dong & Daniel L. Millimet, 2020. "Propensity Score Weighting with Mismeasured Covariates: An Application to Two Financial Literacy Interventions," Departmental Working Papers 2013, Southern Methodist University, Department of Economics.
  • Handle: RePEc:smu:ecowpa:2013
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://ftp1.economics.smu.edu/WorkingPapers/2020/DONG/DONG-2020-12.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    Other versions of this item:

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Nicolai Bissantz & Lutz Dümbgen & Hajo Holzmann & Axel Munk, 2007. "Non‐parametric confidence bands in deconvolution density estimation," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 69(3), pages 483-506, June.
    2. Lars Ivar Oppedal Berge & Kjetil Bjorvatn & Bertil Tungodden, 2015. "Human and Financial Capital for Microenterprise Development: Evidence from a Field and Lab Experiment," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 61(4), pages 707-722, April.
    3. Dong, Hao & Otsu, Taisuke & Taylor, Luke, 2022. "Estimation of varying coefficient models with measurement error," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 230(2), pages 388-415.
    4. Annamaria Lusardi & Olivia S. Mitchell, 2014. "The Economic Importance of Financial Literacy: Theory and Evidence," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 52(1), pages 5-44, March.
    5. Daniel Fernandes & John G. Lynch & Richard G. Netemeyer, 2014. "Financial Literacy, Financial Education, and Downstream Financial Behaviors," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 60(8), pages 1861-1883, August.
    6. Maciej Jakubowski, 2010. "Latent Variables and Propensity Score Matching," Working Papers 2010-06, Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Warsaw.
    7. Dong, Hao & Otsu, Taisuke & Taylor, Luke, 2021. "Average Derivative Estimation Under Measurement Error," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 37(5), pages 1004-1033, October.
    8. Battistin, Erich & Chesher, Andrew, 2014. "Treatment effect estimation with covariate measurement error," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 178(2), pages 707-715.
    9. Miriam Bruhn & Dean Karlan & Antoinette Schoar, 2018. "The Impact of Consulting Services on Small and Medium Enterprises: Evidence from a Randomized Trial in Mexico," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 126(2), pages 635-687.
    10. Delaigle, Aurore & Meister, Alexander, 2007. "Nonparametric Regression Estimation in the Heteroscedastic Errors-in-Variables Problem," Journal of the American Statistical Association, American Statistical Association, vol. 102, pages 1416-1426, December.
    11. Alejandro Drexler & Greg Fischer & Antoinette Schoar, 2014. "Keeping It Simple: Financial Literacy and Rules of Thumb," American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, American Economic Association, vol. 6(2), pages 1-31, April.
    12. Susanne M. Schennach, 2016. "Recent Advances in the Measurement Error Literature," Annual Review of Economics, Annual Reviews, vol. 8(1), pages 341-377, October.
    13. Kato, Kengo & Sasaki, Yuya, 2018. "Uniform confidence bands in deconvolution with unknown error distribution," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 207(1), pages 129-161.
    14. A. Delaigle & I. Gijbels, 2004. "Bootstrap bandwidth selection in kernel density estimation from a contaminated sample," Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics, Springer;The Institute of Statistical Mathematics, vol. 56(1), pages 19-47, March.
    15. Bound, John & Brown, Charles & Mathiowetz, Nancy, 2001. "Measurement error in survey data," Handbook of Econometrics, in: J.J. Heckman & E.E. Leamer (ed.), Handbook of Econometrics, edition 1, volume 5, chapter 59, pages 3705-3843, Elsevier.
    16. Rubin, Donald B, 1986. "Statistical Matching Using File Concatenation with Adjusted Weights and Multiple Imputations," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 4(1), pages 87-94, January.
    17. Guido W. Imbens & Jeffrey M. Wooldridge, 2009. "Recent Developments in the Econometrics of Program Evaluation," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 47(1), pages 5-86, March.
    18. Keisuke Hirano & Guido W. Imbens & Geert Ridder, 2003. "Efficient Estimation of Average Treatment Effects Using the Estimated Propensity Score," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 71(4), pages 1161-1189, July.
    19. Jeffrey M Wooldridge, 2010. "Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data," MIT Press Books, The MIT Press, edition 2, volume 1, number 0262232588, December.
    20. Aurore Delaigle & Peter Hall & Farshid Jamshidi, 2015. "Confidence bands in non-parametric errors-in-variables regression," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 77(1), pages 149-169, January.
    21. Peter J. Morgan & Long Q. Trinh, 2019. "Determinants and Impacts of Financial Literacy in Cambodia and Viet Nam," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-24, January.
    22. Fan, Jianqing & Masry, Elias, 1992. "Multivariate regression estimation with errors-in-variables: Asymptotic normality for mixing processes," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 43(2), pages 237-271, November.
    23. Bissantz, Nicolai & Dümbgen, Lutz & Holzmann, Hajo & Munk, Axel, 2007. "Nonparametric confidence bands in deconvolution density estimation," Technical Reports 2007,03, Technische Universität Dortmund, Sonderforschungsbereich 475: Komplexitätsreduktion in multivariaten Datenstrukturen.
    24. Peter J. Morgan & Long Q. Trinh, 2019. "Determinants and Impacts of Financial Literacy in the Lao PD," Working Papers id:13014, eSocialSciences.
    25. Daniel F. McCaffrey & J. R. Lockwood & Claude M. Setodji, 2013. "Inverse probability weighting with error-prone covariates," Biometrika, Biometrika Trust, vol. 100(3), pages 671-680.
    26. David McKenzie & Christopher Woodruff, 2014. "What Are We Learning from Business Training and Entrepreneurship Evaluations around the Developing World?," The World Bank Research Observer, World Bank, vol. 29(1), pages 48-82.
    27. Kato, Kengo & Sasaki, Yuya, 2019. "Uniform confidence bands for nonparametric errors-in-variables regression," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 213(2), pages 516-555.
    28. Heckman, James J. & Robb, Richard Jr., 1985. "Alternative methods for evaluating the impact of interventions : An overview," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 30(1-2), pages 239-267.
    29. Li, Qi & Racine, Jeff, 2003. "Nonparametric estimation of distributions with categorical and continuous data," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 86(2), pages 266-292, August.
    30. Rosenbaum, Paul R., 2010. "Design Sensitivity and Efficiency in Observational Studies," Journal of the American Statistical Association, American Statistical Association, vol. 105(490), pages 692-702.
    31. A. D. Roy, 1951. "Some Thoughts On The Distribution Of Earnings," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, vol. 3(2), pages 135-146.
    32. Guido W. Imbens, 2004. "Nonparametric Estimation of Average Treatment Effects Under Exogeneity: A Review," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 86(1), pages 4-29, February.
    33. Jinyong Hahn, 1998. "On the Role of the Propensity Score in Efficient Semiparametric Estimation of Average Treatment Effects," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 66(2), pages 315-332, March.
    34. Schennach, Susanne M., 2019. "Convolution without independence," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 211(1), pages 308-318.
    35. Delaigle, Aurore & Fan, Jianqing & Carroll, Raymond J., 2009. "A Design-Adaptive Local Polynomial Estimator for the Errors-in-Variables Problem," Journal of the American Statistical Association, American Statistical Association, vol. 104(485), pages 348-359.
    36. Xiaohong Chen & Han Hong & Denis Nekipelov, 2011. "Nonlinear Models of Measurement Errors," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 49(4), pages 901-937, December.
    37. Maciej Jakubowski, 2015. "Latent variables and propensity score matching: a simulation study with application to data from the Programme for International Student Assessment in Poland," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 48(3), pages 1287-1325, May.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Iwa Kuchciak & Justyna Wiktorowicz, 2021. "Empowering Financial Education by Banks—Social Media as a Modern Channel," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-22, March.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Hao Dong & Yuya Sasaki, 2022. "Estimation of average derivatives of latent regressors: with an application to inference on buffer-stock saving," Departmental Working Papers 2204, Southern Methodist University, Department of Economics.
    2. Kato, Kengo & Sasaki, Yuya, 2019. "Uniform confidence bands for nonparametric errors-in-variables regression," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 213(2), pages 516-555.
    3. Battistin, Erich & Chesher, Andrew, 2014. "Treatment effect estimation with covariate measurement error," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 178(2), pages 707-715.
    4. Dong, Hao & Taylor, Luke, 2022. "Nonparametric Significance Testing In Measurement Error Models," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 38(3), pages 454-496, June.
    5. Adusumilli, Karun & Kurisu, Daisuke & Otsu, Taisuke & Whang, Yoon-Jae, 2020. "Inference on distribution functions under measurement error," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 215(1), pages 131-164.
    6. Hao Dong & Taisuke Otsu & Luke Taylor, 2023. "Bandwidth selection for nonparametric regression with errors-in-variables," Econometric Reviews, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 42(4), pages 393-419, April.
    7. Adusumilli, Karun & Kurisu, Daisies & Otsu, Taisuke & Whang, Yoon-Jae, 2020. "Inference on distribution functions under measurement error," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 102692, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    8. Halbert White & Karim Chalak, 2013. "Identification and Identification Failure for Treatment Effects Using Structural Systems," Econometric Reviews, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 32(3), pages 273-317, November.
    9. Kato, Kengo & Sasaki, Yuya, 2018. "Uniform confidence bands in deconvolution with unknown error distribution," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 207(1), pages 129-161.
    10. Huber, Martin, 2019. "An introduction to flexible methods for policy evaluation," FSES Working Papers 504, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, University of Freiburg/Fribourg Switzerland.
    11. Tübbicke Stefan, 2022. "Entropy Balancing for Continuous Treatments," Journal of Econometric Methods, De Gruyter, vol. 11(1), pages 71-89, January.
    12. Dong, Hao & Otsu, Taisuke & Taylor, Luke, 2021. "Average Derivative Estimation Under Measurement Error," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 37(5), pages 1004-1033, October.
    13. Jones A.M & Rice N, 2009. "Econometric Evaluation of Health Policies," Health, Econometrics and Data Group (HEDG) Working Papers 09/09, HEDG, c/o Department of Economics, University of York.
    14. James J. Heckman, 2008. "The Principles Underlying Evaluation Estimators with an Application to Matching," Annals of Economics and Statistics, GENES, issue 91-92, pages 9-73.
    15. Zeqin Liu & Zongwu Cai & Ying Fang & Ming Lin, 2019. "Statistical Analysis and Evaluation of Macroeconomic Policies: A Selective Review," WORKING PAPERS SERIES IN THEORETICAL AND APPLIED ECONOMICS 201904, University of Kansas, Department of Economics, revised Mar 2019.
    16. Michael Lechner, 2004. "Sequential Matching Estimation of Dynamic Causal Models," University of St. Gallen Department of Economics working paper series 2004 2004-06, Department of Economics, University of St. Gallen.
    17. Chabé-Ferret, Sylvain, 2015. "Analysis of the bias of Matching and Difference-in-Difference under alternative earnings and selection processes," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 185(1), pages 110-123.
    18. Farrell, Max H., 2015. "Robust inference on average treatment effects with possibly more covariates than observations," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 189(1), pages 1-23.
    19. Kengo Kato & Yuya Sasaki & Takuya Ura, 2021. "Robust inference in deconvolution," Quantitative Economics, Econometric Society, vol. 12(1), pages 109-142, January.
    20. Dettmann, E. & Becker, C. & Schmeißer, C., 2011. "Distance functions for matching in small samples," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 55(5), pages 1942-1960, May.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Program evaluation; measurement error; propensity score; unconfoundedness; financial literacy.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C18 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Methodolical Issues: General
    • C21 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Cross-Sectional Models; Spatial Models; Treatment Effect Models
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G53 - Financial Economics - - Household Finance - - - Financial Literacy

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:smu:ecowpa:2013. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Ömer Özak (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.smu.edu/economics .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.