IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/pra/mprapa/106259.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Policy implications of the CSR in an international transportation market under subsidy

Author

Listed:
  • Xu, Lili
  • Lee, Sang-Ho

Abstract

This paper focuses on the international transportation market in which a high-speed rail (HSR) firm competes with both the domestic and foreign airline firms providing differentiated transport services. We investigate and compare two types of corporate social responsibility (CSR)—mandatory and voluntary CSR—imposed on HSR under a government subsidy policy. We show that, when the transport substitutability is high (low) in a domestic travel leg, mandatory CSR is lower (higher) than voluntary CSR, and the optimal subsidy under mandatory CSR is lower (higher) than that under voluntary CSR. We also examine the effect of privatization policy of the HSR with transposition subsidy on welfare. We show that full privatization with CSR activities always improves social welfare under an appropriate subsidy, independent of the transport substitutability and types of CSR activities.

Suggested Citation

  • Xu, Lili & Lee, Sang-Ho, 2021. "Policy implications of the CSR in an international transportation market under subsidy," MPRA Paper 106259, University Library of Munich, Germany.
  • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:106259
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/106259/1/MPRA_paper_106259.pdf
    File Function: original version
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Lambertini, Luca & Tampieri, Alessandro, 2015. "Incentives, performance and desirability of socially responsible firms in a Cournot oligopoly," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 40-48.
    2. Liu, Chih-Chen & Wang, Leonard F.S. & Lee, Sang-Ho, 2015. "Strategic environmental corporate social responsibility in a differentiated duopoly market," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 108-111.
    3. Fan, Joseph P.H. & Wong, T.J. & Zhang, Tianyu, 2007. "Politically connected CEOs, corporate governance, and Post-IPO performance of China's newly partially privatized firms," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 84(2), pages 330-357, May.
    4. Lars Isaksson & Nayan Mitra, 2019. "To Legislate or Not: That Is the Question—Comparing CSR Intent and Effects in Economies with Voluntary CSR and Legislated CSR," CSR, Sustainability, Ethics & Governance, in: René Schmidpeter & Nicholas Capaldi & Samuel O. Idowu & Anika Stürenberg Herrera (ed.), International Dimensions of Sustainable Management, pages 35-51, Springer.
    5. Jiang, Changmin & Zhang, Anming, 2014. "Effects of high-speed rail and airline cooperation under hub airport capacity constraint," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 33-49.
    6. D’Alfonso, Tiziana & Jiang, Changmin & Bracaglia, Valentina, 2016. "Air transport and high-speed rail competition: Environmental implications and mitigation strategies," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 261-276.
    7. Yang, Hangjun & Zhang, Anming, 2012. "Effects of high-speed rail and air transport competition on prices, profits and welfare," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 46(10), pages 1322-1333.
    8. Sang‐Ho Lee, 2006. "Welfare‐Improving Privatization Policy In The Telecommunications Industry," Contemporary Economic Policy, Western Economic Association International, vol. 24(2), pages 237-248, April.
    9. Lee Sang-Ho & Park Chul-Hi, 2019. "Eco-Firms and the Sequential Adoption of Environmental Corporate Social Responsibility in the Managerial Delegation," The B.E. Journal of Theoretical Economics, De Gruyter, vol. 19(1), pages 1-9, January.
    10. Xu, Lili & Fan, Xinying & Luan, Weixin, 2020. "Strategic corporate social responsibility of high-speed rail in China," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 62(C).
    11. Lucia Gatti & Babitha Vishwanath & Peter Seele & Bertil Cottier, 2019. "Are We Moving Beyond Voluntary CSR? Exploring Theoretical and Managerial Implications of Mandatory CSR Resulting from the New Indian Companies Act," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 160(4), pages 961-972, December.
    12. Seung-Leul Kim & Sang-Ho Lee & Toshihiro Matsumura, 2019. "Corporate social responsibility and privatization policy in a mixed oligopoly," Journal of Economics, Springer, vol. 128(1), pages 67-89, September.
    13. Xia, Wenyi & Jiang, Changmin & Wang, Kun & Zhang, Anming, 2019. "Air-rail revenue sharing in a multi-airport system: Effects on traffic and social welfare," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 121(C), pages 304-319.
    14. Jihong Liu & Yaping Wang & Liansheng Wu, 2011. "The Effect of Guanxi on Audit Quality in China," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 103(4), pages 621-638, November.
    15. Sang-Ho Lee & Toshihiro Matsumura & Susumu Sato, 2018. "An analysis of entry-then-privatization model: welfare and policy implications," Journal of Economics, Springer, vol. 123(1), pages 71-88, January.
    16. Björn Brand & Michael Grothe, 2015. "Social responsibility in a bilateral monopoly," Journal of Economics, Springer, vol. 115(3), pages 275-289, July.
    17. Alexander Dahlsrud, 2008. "How corporate social responsibility is defined: an analysis of 37 definitions," Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 15(1), pages 1-13, January.
    18. Boubakri, Narjess & Cosset, Jean-Claude & Saffar, Walid, 2013. "The role of state and foreign owners in corporate risk-taking: Evidence from privatization," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 108(3), pages 641-658.
    19. Chen, Ruiyuan (Ryan) & El Ghoul, Sadok & Guedhami, Omrane & Nash, Robert, 2018. "State Ownership and Corporate Cash Holdings," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 53(5), pages 2293-2334, October.
    20. Fu, Xiaowen & Zhang, Anming & Lei, Zheng, 2012. "Will China’s airline industry survive the entry of high-speed rail?," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 35(1), pages 13-25.
    21. Socorro, M. Pilar & Viecens, M. Fernanda, 2013. "The effects of airline and high speed train integration," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 160-177.
    22. Jiang, Changmin & D'Alfonso, Tiziana & Wan, Yulai, 2017. "Air-rail cooperation: Partnership level, market structure and welfare implications," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 461-482.
    23. Leal, Mariel & Garcia, Arturo & Lee, Sang-Ho, 2018. "The Timing Of Environmental Tax Policy With A Consumer-Friendly Firm," Hitotsubashi Journal of Economics, Hitotsubashi University, vol. 59(1), pages 25-43, June.
    24. Xu, Lili & Lee, Sang-Ho, 2019. "Tariffs and privatization policy in a bilateral trade with corporate social responsibility," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 339-351.
    25. D’Alfonso, Tiziana & Jiang, Changmin & Bracaglia, Valentina, 2015. "Would competition between air transport and high-speed rail benefit environment and social welfare?," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 118-137.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Xu, Lili & Zhao, Qinghong & Chen, Yuyan & Lee, Sang-Ho, 2023. "Post privatization of high-speed rail with corporate social responsibility (CSR) in an international transportation market: Mandatory CSR versus voluntary CSR," Economics of Transportation, Elsevier, vol. 35(C).
    2. Xu, Lili & Fan, Xinying & Luan, Weixin, 2020. "Strategic corporate social responsibility of high-speed rail in China," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 62(C).
    3. Jiang, Mei & Jiang, Changmin & Xiao, Yi-bin & Wang, Chunan, 2021. "Air-HSR cooperation: Impacts on service frequency and environment," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
    4. Xu Lili & Lee Sang-Ho, 2022. "Corporate Profit Tax and Strategic Corporate Social Responsibility Under Foreign Acquisition," The B.E. Journal of Theoretical Economics, De Gruyter, vol. 22(1), pages 123-151, January.
    5. Jiang, Changmin, 2021. "Aviation tax and railway subsidy: An integrated policy," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 1-13.
    6. Xu, Lili & Lee, Sang-Ho, 2021. "Strategic Corporate Social Responsibility by a Multinational Firm and International Privatization Policies," MPRA Paper 105651, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    7. Wang, Wei & Sun, Huijun & Wu, Jianjun, 2020. "How does the decision of high-speed rail operator affect social welfare? Considering competition between high-speed rail and air transport," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 1-15.
    8. Arturo Garcia & Mariel Leal & Sang-Ho Lee, 2021. "Competitive CSR in a strategic managerial delegation game with a multiproduct corporation," International Review of Economics, Springer;Happiness Economics and Interpersonal Relations (HEIRS), vol. 68(3), pages 301-330, September.
    9. Jiang, Changmin & Wang, Chunan, 2021. "High-speed rail pricing: Implications for social welfare," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 155(C).
    10. Leal, Mariel & García, Arturo & Lee, Sang-Ho, 2021. "Strategic CSR and merger decisions in multiproduct mixed markets with state-holding corporation," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 319-333.
    11. Mariel Leal & Arturo García & Sang-Ho Lee, 2021. "Sequencing R&D decisions with a consumer-friendly firm and spillovers," The Japanese Economic Review, Springer, vol. 72(2), pages 243-260, April.
    12. Xu, Lili & Lee, Sang-Ho, 2020. "Strategic Relations between Corporate Social Responsibility and Partial Privatization Policy with Foreign Penetration," MPRA Paper 100770, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    13. Zhang, Anming & Wan, Yulai & Yang, Hangjun, 2019. "Impacts of high-speed rail on airlines, airports and regional economies: A survey of recent research," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 1-19.
    14. Li, Zhi-Chun & Tu, Ningwen & Fu, Xiaowen & Sheng, Dian, 2022. "Modeling the effects of airline and high-speed rail cooperation on multi-airport systems: The implications on congestion, competition and social welfare," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 155(C), pages 448-478.
    15. Leal, Mariel & Garcia, Arturo & Lee, Sang-Ho, 2020. "Strategic CSR and merger in multiproduct mixed markets with state-holding corporation," MPRA Paper 102351, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 10 Aug 2020.
    16. Su, Min & Luan, Weixin & Fu, Xiaowen & Yang, Zaili & Zhang, Rui, 2020. "The competition effects of low-cost carriers and high-speed rail on the Chinese aviation market," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 37-46.
    17. Avenali, Alessandro & Bracaglia, Valentina & D'Alfonso, Tiziana & Reverberi, Pierfrancesco, 2018. "Strategic formation and welfare effects of airline-high speed rail agreements," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 117(PA), pages 393-411.
    18. Lili Xu & Fanrui Su & Sang-Ho Lee, 2023. "Strategic corporate social responsibility and partial privatization policy with foreign penetration," The Japanese Economic Review, Springer, vol. 74(2), pages 251-278, April.
    19. Bárcena-Ruiz, Juan Carlos & Sagasta, Amagoia, 2022. "International trade and environmental corporate social responsibility," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 115(C).
    20. Bárcena-Ruiz, Juan Carlos & Sagasta, Amagoia, 2021. "Environmental policies with consumer-friendly firms and cross-ownership," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 103(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    High-speed rail; corporate social responsibility; transportation subsidy; privatization policy; mixed market;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D43 - Microeconomics - - Market Structure, Pricing, and Design - - - Oligopoly and Other Forms of Market Imperfection
    • H25 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Business Taxes and Subsidies
    • L21 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Business Objectives of the Firm
    • L33 - Industrial Organization - - Nonprofit Organizations and Public Enterprise - - - Comparison of Public and Private Enterprise and Nonprofit Institutions; Privatization; Contracting Out

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:106259. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Joachim Winter (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/vfmunde.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.