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Relocating the value chain: off-shoring and agglomeration in the global economy

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  • Anthony J. Venables
  • Richard Baldwin

Abstract

Fragmentation of stages of the production process is determined by international cost differences and by the benefits of co-location of related stages. The interaction between these forces depends on the technological relationships between these stages. This paper looks at both cost minimising and equilibrium fragmentation under different technological configurations. Reductions in trade costs beyond a threshold can result in discontinuous changes in location, with relocation of a wide range of production stages. There can be overshooting (off-shoring that is reversed as costs fall further) and equilibrium may involve less off-shoring than is efficient.

Suggested Citation

  • Anthony J. Venables & Richard Baldwin, 2011. "Relocating the value chain: off-shoring and agglomeration in the global economy," Economics Series Working Papers 544, University of Oxford, Department of Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:oxf:wpaper:544
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    File URL: https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a11fc958-37eb-4663-8c37-76313cde6fbe
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Kei-Mu Yi, 2003. "Can Vertical Specialization Explain the Growth of World Trade?," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 111(1), pages 52-102, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. David Córcoles & Carmen Díaz-Mora & Rosario Gandoy, 2012. "Export Survival in Global Value Chains," Working Papers 12-03, Asociación Española de Economía y Finanzas Internacionales.
    2. David Córcoles & Carmen Díaz-Mora & Rosario Gandoy, 2015. "Export Survival in Global Production Chains," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 38(10), pages 1526-1554, October.
    3. David Córcoles & Carmen Díaz-Mora & Rosario Gandoy, 2013. "Product sophistication: A tie that binds partners in international production sharing," Working Papers 13-03, Asociación Española de Economía y Finanzas Internacionales.
    4. Córcoles, David & Díaz-Mora, Carmen & Gandoy, Rosario, 2014. "Product sophistication: A tie that binds partners in international trade," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 44(S1), pages 33-41.
    5. Lurong Chen & Philippe De Lombaerde, 2013. "China moving up the value chain: What can be learned from the Asian NICs?," International Area Studies Review, Center for International Area Studies, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, vol. 16(4), pages 407-430, December.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Fragmentation; Off-shoring; Parts and components; Assembly; Vertical linkages; Agglomeration;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F1 - International Economics - - Trade
    • F23 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - Multinational Firms; International Business
    • R3 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Real Estate Markets, Spatial Production Analysis, and Firm Location

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