Optimal Buffer Stocks and Precautionary Savings with Disappointment Aversion
Abstract
Developing countries use various risk reduction schemes, ranging from active management of buffer stocks and international reserves to commodity stabilization funds. The purpose of this paper is to reexamine the design of these schemes in a generalized expected utility maximization model where agents are disappointment averse. We derive first the generalized risk premium, showing that disappointment aversion increases the conventional risk premium by a term proportional to the standard deviation times the degree of disappointment aversion. Next, we show that disappointment aversion modifies the characteristics of precautionary saving. The concavity of the marginal utility continues to determine precautionary saving, but its effect is of a second order magnitude (proportional to the variance) compared to the first order effect (proportional to the standard deviation) induced by disappointment aversion. Hence, higher volatility increases the precautionary saving of a disappointment averse agent. This result applies even if the income process approaches a random walk. Finally, we reexamine the optimal size of buffer stocks, showing that disappointment aversion increases its size by a first order magnitude. A buffer stock that is rather small when agents are maximizing the conventional expected utility is rather large when agents are disappointment averse.Download Info
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Paper provided by National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc in its series NBER Working Papers with number 5361.Length:
Date of creation: Nov 1995
Date of revision:
Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:5361
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Keywords:Find related papers by JEL classification:
- F1 - International Economics - - Trade
References
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Citations
Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.Cited by:
- Joshua Aizenman & Nancy Marion, 2002.
"The High Demand for International Reserves in the Far East: What's Going On?,"
NBER Working Papers
9266, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Aizenman, Joshua & Marion, Nancy, 2003. "The high demand for international reserves in the Far East: What is going on?," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 17(3), pages 370-400, September.
- Joshua Aizenman & Nancy P. Marion, 2002. "The high demand for international reserves in the Far East: what's going on?," Proceedings, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, issue Sep.
- Joshua Aizenman & Nancy Marion, 2002. "The high demand for international reserves in the Far East: what's going on?," Pacific Basin Working Paper Series 02-08, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco.
- Joshua Aizenman, 1999.
"International Portfolio Diversification with Generalized Expected Utility Preferences,"
Canadian Journal of Economics,
Canadian Economics Association, vol. 32(4), pages 995-1008, August.
- Joshua Aizenman, 1997. "International Portfolio Diversification with Generalized Expected Utility Preferences," NBER Working Papers 5965, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
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