Elizabeth Asiedu (Department of Economics, The University of Kansas) Hadi Salehi Esfahani (Department of Economics, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign)
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This paper examines the determinants of differential employment restrictions applied to foreign vs. domestic firms. We develop a model of employment regulation and test its implications using data from the World Bank's World Business Environment Survey, conducted in 1999/2000. We find that while democratic accountability, corruption, and British legal origin reduce the extent of government intervention in firms' employment decision, they give greater advantage to domestic relative to foreign investors. Rule of law, on the other hand, has a more even effect. Better investment opportunities in the country enhance the government's bargaining power vis-à-vis investors and increase employment intervention, especially in foreign firms engaged in less tradable sectors. We also identify a host of other factors that influence employment restrictions, though none of them entail a differential impact on foreign investors. We find that after controlling for other factors, foreign investors in Latin America face a greater regulatory disadvantage vis-à-vis locals compared to other regions of the world, though this is partly counterbalanced by other effects captured in the model.
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Find related papers by JEL classification: L5 - Industrial Organization - - Regulation and Industrial Policy F23 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - Multinational Firms; International Business O2 - Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth - - Development Planning and Policy
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