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Market regulation and firm performance: the case of smoking bans in the UK

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Author Info
Jerome Adda (Institute for Fiscal Studies and European University Institute)
Samuel Berlinski () (Institute for Fiscal Studies and University College, London)
V. Bhaskar
Steve Machin () (Institute for Fiscal Studies and University College London)

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Abstract

This paper analyzes the effects of a ban on smoking in public places upon firms and consumers. It presents a theoretical model and tests its predictions using unique data from before and after the introduction of smoking bans in the UK. Cigarette smoke is a public bad, and smokers and non-smokers differ in their valuation of smoke-free amenities. Consumer heterogeneity implies that the market equilibrium may result in too much uniformity, whereas social optimality requires a mix of smoking and non-smoking pubs (which can be operationalized via licensing). If the market equilibrium has almost all pubs permitting smoking (as is the case in the data) then a blanket ban reduces pub sales, profits, and consumer welfare. We collect survey data from public houses and find that the Scottish smoking ban (introduced in March 2006) reduced pub sales and harmed medium run profitability. An event study analysis of the stock market performance of pub-holding companies corroborates the negative effects of the smoking ban on firm performance.

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Paper provided by Institute for Fiscal Studies in its series IFS Working Papers with number W09/13.

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Date of creation: Jul 2009
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Handle: RePEc:ifs:ifsewp:09/13

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Related research
Keywords: Regulation; smoking ban; market provision of quality; sales; prices; profitability; stock market performance.;

Find related papers by JEL classification:
I18 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Government Policy; Regulation; Public Health
H23 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Externalities; Redistributive Effects; Environmental Taxes and Subsidies
L51 - Industrial Organization - - Regulation and Industrial Policy - - - Economics of Regulation
L81 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Services - - - Retail and Wholesale Trade; e-Commerce

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References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
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  3. Benjamin C. Alamar & Stanton A. Glantz, 2004. "Smoke-free Ordinances Increase Restaurant Profit and Value," Contemporary Economic Policy, Western Economic Association International, vol. 22(4), pages 520-525, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  4. Simon P. Anderson, 2005. "Market Provision of Broadcasting: A Welfare Analysis," Review of Economic Studies, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 72(4), pages 947-972, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  5. David W. Cowling & Philip Bond, 2005. "Smoke-free laws and bar revenues in California - the last call," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 14(12), pages 1273-1281. [Downloadable!]
  6. V. Bhaskar & Ted To, 2004. "Is Perfect Price Discrimination Really Efficient? An Analysis of Free Entry," RAND Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation, vol. 35(4), pages 762-776, Winter.
    Other versions:
  7. Karafiath, Imre, 1988. "Using Dummy Variables in the Event Methodology," The Financial Review, Eastern Finance Association, vol. 23(3), pages 351-57, August.
  8. Schwert, G William, 1981. "Using Financial Data to Measure Effects of Regulation," Journal of Law & Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 24(1), pages 121-58, April.
  9. Rochet, Jean-Charles & Stole, Lars A, 2002. "Nonlinear Pricing with Random Participation," Review of Economic Studies, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 69(1), pages 277-311, January.
  10. Armstrong, Mark & Vickers, John, 2001. "Competitive Price Discrimination," RAND Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation, vol. 32(4), pages 579-605, Winter.
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