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Debe América Latina temerle a la China?

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Author Info
Eduardo Lora ()

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Abstract

(PDF disponible en Español en WP-536) Este artículo compara las condiciones de crecimiento económico de China y de América Latina con el fin de evaluar los temores de que la economía china desplace a la latinoamericana en las próximas décadas. Las fortalezas de China se basan en el tamaño de su economía, su estabilidad macroeconómica, la abundante mano de obra barata, la rápida expansión de la infraestructura física y la capacidad para innovar. Las debilidades de China tienen su origen en la poca separación que existe entre el mercado y el Estado e incluyen la débil gobernabilidad corporativa, un sistema financiero frágil y una mala asignación del ahorro. América Latina y China comparten debilidades importantes: el imperio de la ley es débil, la corrupción endémica y la educación es baja y está mal distribuida. Aunque los temores de desplazamiento de los sectores industriales y de la inversión extranjera son exagerados, China puede ser una fuente de inestabilidad financiera internacional con efectos potencialmente muy dañinos para América Latina.

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Paper provided by Inter-American Development Bank, Research Department in its series RES Working Papers with number 4410.

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Date of creation: May 2005
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Handle: RePEc:idb:wpaper:4410

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References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
  1. Geert Bekaert & Campbell R. Harvey & Christian Lundblad, 2004. "Does Financial Liberalization Spur Growth?," Research series 200405-9, National Bank of Belgium. [Downloadable!]
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  2. Alicia Garcia-Herrero & Daniel Santabarbara, 2005. "Does China have an impact on foreign direct investment to Latin America?," International Finance 0508010, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
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  3. Yongzheng Yang, 2003. "China's Integration into the World Economy: Implications for Developing Countries," IMF Working Papers 03/245, International Monetary Fund.
  4. Alwyn Young, 2003. "Gold into Base Metals: Productivity Growth in the People's Republic of China during the Reform Period," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 111(6), pages 1220-1261, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  5. Carlos Arteta & Barry Eichengreen & Charles Wyplosz, 2001. "When Does Capital Account Liberalization Help More than It Hurts?," NBER Working Papers 8414, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  6. Dani Rodrik & Arvind Subramanian & Francesco Trebbi, 2002. "Institutions Rule: The Primacy of Institutions over Geography and Integration in Economic Development," NBER Working Papers 9305, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  7. Asli Demirguc-Kunt & Enrica Detragiache, 1998. "The Determinants of Banking Crises in Developing and Developed Countries," IMF Staff Papers, Palgrave Macmillan Journals, vol. 45(1), pages 3. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  8. Ray Brooks & Tao Ran, 2003. "China's Labor Market Performance and Challenges," IMF Working Papers 03/210, International Monetary Fund.
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