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Quand le surdosage devient la norme : un diagnostic des exploitations viticoles françaises

Author

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  • Magali Aubert

    (Marchés, Organisations, Institutions et Stratégies d'Acteurs - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Montpellier SupAgro - Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier)

  • Geoffroy Enjolras

    (Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2)

Abstract

Alors que les pesticides deviennent un objet d'études privilégié en raison de leur caractère potentiellement néfaste, cet article s'intéresse aux exploitations qui appliquent un surdosage de leurs intrants. Nous étudions les facteurs qui conduisent certains viticulteurs à surdoser leur consommation par rapport aux prescriptions règlementaires. Notre approche repose sur une méthodologie originale qui apparie quatre bases de données : le Réseau d'Information Comptable Agricole (RICA), l'enquête des pratiques culturales (PK) en viticulture, la base e-phy créée et mise à disposition par le Ministère de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation, qui identifie les doses autorisées par intrants et des données climatiques issues de relevés réalisés par Météo France. Notre échantillon original comporte 106 exploitations viticoles à l'échelle de la France entière. Cet échantillon s'avère représentatif en termes de localisation géographique, d'orientation productive et de dimension économique des exploitations, ce qui permet son extrapolation. Parmi ces exploitations, 40 % pratiquent un surdosage et 10 % un surdosage très marqué. Ces exploitations se caractérisent par la qualité de leur production, une situation financière confortable mais un climat défavorable et un matériel défectueux. Ces résultats fournissent des clefs de compréhension du surdosage des intrants et des moyens d'y remédier.

Suggested Citation

  • Magali Aubert & Geoffroy Enjolras, 2012. "Quand le surdosage devient la norme : un diagnostic des exploitations viticoles françaises," Post-Print hal-02749128, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-02749128
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02749128
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    References listed on IDEAS

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