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Fintech, Cryptocurrencies, and CBDC: Financial Structural Transformation in China”

Author

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  • Franklin Allen
  • Xian Gu
  • Julapa Jagtiani

Abstract

Fintech and decentralized finance have penetrated all areas of the financial system and have improved financial inclusion in the last decade. In this paper, we review the recent literature on fintech, cryptocurrencies, stablecoins, and central bank digital currencies (CBDCs). There are important implications from the rise of fintech and the introduction of stablecoins and CBDCs in recent years. We provide an overview of China’s experience in fintech, focusing on payments, digital banking, fintech lending, and the recent progress on its CBDC pilots (e-CNY). We also discuss important considerations in designing effective cryptocurrency regulations. Cryptocurrency regulations could promote growth of innovations through enhanced public confidence in this market. The e-CNY could become mainstream in the global market through effective regulations, which provide incentives and protection to market participants. A key factor to success for digital currencies has been their widespread adoption. If the Chinese e-CNY were to become a mainstream currency, the introduction of CBDC could potentially offer solutions to existing problems inherent in traditional financial systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Franklin Allen & Xian Gu & Julapa Jagtiani, 2022. "Fintech, Cryptocurrencies, and CBDC: Financial Structural Transformation in China”," Working Papers 22-12, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia.
    • Handle: RePEc:fip:fedpwp:93944
    DOI: 10.21799/frbp.wp.2022.12
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    fintech; cryptocurrency regulations; stablecoins; CBDCs; e-CNY; China;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • G18 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • L21 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Business Objectives of the Firm

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