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Money, interest rates, and exchange rates with endogenously segmented markets

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Author Info
Fernando Alvarez
Andrew Atkeson
Patrick J. Kehoe

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Abstract

This paper analyzes the effects of money injections on interest rates and exchange rates in a model in which agents must pay a Baumol-Tobin style fixed cost to exchange bonds and money. Asset markets are endogenously segmented because this fixed cost leads agents to trade bonds and money only infrequently. When the government injects money through an open market operation, only those agents that are currently trading absorb these injections. Through their impact on these agents’ consumption, these money injections affect real interest rates and real exchange rates. We show that the model generates the observed negative relation between expected inflation and real interest rates. With moderate amounts of segmentation, the model also generates other observed features of the data: persistent liquidity effects in interest rates and volatile and persistent exchange rates. A standard model with no fixed costs can produce none of these features.

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Paper provided by Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis in its series Staff Report with number 278.

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Date of creation: 2000
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Publication status: Published in Journal of Political Economy
Handle: RePEc:fip:fedmsr:278

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  1. Advanced Monetary Theory and Policy (ECON 447)
References listed on IDEAS
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  5. Evans, Charles L. & Marshall, David A., 1998. "Monetary policy and the term structure of nominal interest rates: Evidence and theory," Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy, Elsevier, vol. 49, pages 53-111, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  6. David Barr & John Campbell, . "Inflation, real interest rates and the bond market: a study of UK nominal and index-linked Government bond prices," CERF Discussion Paper Series 95-09, Economics and Finance Section, School of Social Sciences, Brunel University.
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  9. Jovanovic, Boyan, 1982. "Inflation and Welfare in the Steady State," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 90(3), pages 561-77, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  13. Dotsey, Michael & Ireland, Peter, 1995. "Liquidity Effects and Transactions Technologies," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 27(4), pages 1441-57, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  14. Sanford J. Grossman, 1989. "Monetary Dynamics with Proportional Transaction Costs and Fixed Payment Periods," NBER Working Papers 1663, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  17. Merton, Robert C, 1987. " A Simple Model of Capital Market Equilibrium with Incomplete Information," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 42(3), pages 483-510, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  18. Fuerst, Timothy S., 1992. "Liquidity, loanable funds, and real activity," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 29(1), pages 3-24, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  19. Rotemberg, Julio J, 1984. "A Monetary Equilibrium Model with Transactions Costs," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 92(1), pages 40-58, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  20. Grilli, Vittorio & Roubini, Nouriel, 1992. "Liquidity and exchange rates," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 32(3-4), pages 339-352, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  24. Grossman, Sanford & Weiss, Laurence, 1983. "A Transactions-Based Model of the Monetary Transmission Mechanism," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 73(5), pages 871-80, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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