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Not All Rivals Look Alike: An Empirical Model for Discrete Games with Asymmetric Rivals

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Author Info
Liran Einav (Stanford University)
Abstract

Strong seasonality in demand, a short product life cycle, and the absence of any price competition make the release date of first-run movies one of the main strategic decisions taken by movies' distributors. Movies are typically released on a Friday within a short release season, thus making the release decision a discrete one. In estimating the discrete timing game, just as in many other competitive environments, the identity of the competing players matters: high quality movie is a tougher competitor than a low quality one. Such heterogeneity in the toughness of competition among potential rivals cannot be accommodated by the existing empirical models of discrete games. Therefore, this paper constructs a new empirical model for such games, which imposes no restrictions on the payoff structure. The model is of a sequential-move game with asymmetric information. The Perfect Bayesian Equilibrium of the game can be found using a pseudo backward introduction algorithm. The conceptual multiplicity of equilibria problem is solved for by the sequential structure, while the asymmetric information structure avoids the typical complex regions of integration, thus leading to a relative computational simplicity. By using some of the demand estimates computed in Einav (2003), the estimation results of the movie-release timing game suggest that release dates of movies are too clustered, and that too many good movies are released on holiday weekends. This suggests that more revenues could have been made by shifting some of the holiday releases by one or two weeks. Alternative explanations for these results are discussed

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Paper provided by Econometric Society in its series Econometric Society 2004 North American Winter Meetings with number 626.

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Date of creation: 11 Aug 2004
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Handle: RePEc:ecm:nawm04:626

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Related research
Keywords: Motion pictures; spatial competition; seasonality.;

Find related papers by JEL classification:
C13 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods: General - - - Estimation
C51 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Model Construction and Estimation
L13 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Oligopoly and Other Imperfect Markets

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  1. Elie Tamer, 2003. "Incomplete Simultaneous Discrete Response Model with Multiple Equilibria," Review of Economic Studies, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 70(1), pages 147-165, January.
  2. Guillermo Caruana & Liran Einav, 2008. "A Theory of Endogenous Commitment," Review of Economic Studies, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 75(1), pages 99-116, 01. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  3. Borenstein, Severin & Netz, Janet, 1999. "Why do all the flights leave at 8 am?: Competition and departure-time differentiation in airline markets," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, vol. 17(5), pages 611-640, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  5. Kenneth S. Corts, 2001. "The Strategic Effects of Vertical Market Structure: Common Agency and Divisionalization in the US Motion Picture Industry," Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 10(4), pages 509-528, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  6. Ravid, S Abraham, 1999. "Information, Blockbusters, and Stars: A Study of the Film Industry," Journal of Business, University of Chicago Press, vol. 72(4), pages 463-92, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  8. Toivanen, Otto & Waterson, Michael, 2000. "Empirical research on discrete choice game theory models of entry: An illustration," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 44(4-6), pages 985-992, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  9. Goettler, Ronald L & Shachar, Ron, 2001. "Spatial Competition in the Network Television Industry," RAND Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation, vol. 32(4), pages 624-56, Winter.
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  12. Daniel A. Ackerberg & Gautam Gowrisankaran, 2006. "Quantifying Equilibrium Network Externalities in the ACH Banking Industry," NBER Working Papers 12488, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  13. Reiss, Peter C, 1996. "Empirical Models of Discrete Strategic Choices," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 86(2), pages 421-26, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  14. Berry, Steven T, 1992. "Estimation of a Model of Entry in the Airline Industry," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 60(4), pages 889-917, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  1. Stephen Ryan & Catherine Tucker, 2006. "Heterogeneity and the Dynamics of Technology Adoption," Working Papers 06-26, NET Institute, revised Oct 2006. [Downloadable!]
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