Whether the family makes decisions as a unit or through a collective decision making process has been tested elsewhere by examining whether the income pooling hypothesis holds or by examining whether premarital assets have significant effects on household consumptions. The results, however, may be confounded by endogeneity of the income and asset variables. This paper suggests that the marriage market conditions, summarized by the sex ratio, can be used to test the household models and that the test may be combined with the income pooling test to produce more reliable inferences. Using data from Indonesia, this paper conducts the combined test of the household models by estimating the effects of the provincial sex ratio and the parents' nonlabor incomes/premarital assets on Indonesian household's investment in children's education. I find that in urban areas the sex ratio has a strong positive effect on education expenditures, but not in rural areas. Being consistent to the sex ratio effect estimates, the income pooling hypothesis is mostly rejected in urban areas, but not in rural areas. In addition, premarital assets are found to have significant effects on investment in children's education in urban areas, but not in rural areas. I find that the estimation results are robust against alternative definitions of the sex ratio and additional controls for women's fertility choices and community-level income/wealth differences
Download Info
To download:
If you experience problems downloading a file, check if you have the
proper application to
view it first. Information about this may be contained
in the File-Format links below. In case of further problems read
the IDEAS help
page. Note that these files are not on the IDEAS
site. Please be patient as the files may be large.
References listed on IDEAS Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
Did you know? You can include your works in the database easily by uploading them on the Munich Personal RePEc Archive (MPRA) if you do not have access to an institutional RePEc archive.