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Messartefakte bei der Erfassung der Gesundheit von Migranten in Deutschland: zur interkulturellen Äquivalenz des SF-12-Fragebogen im Sozio-oekonomischen Panel (SOEP)

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  • Maike Schulz

Abstract

Nur wenige Studien geben Aufschluss über den Gesundheitszustand der in Deutschland lebenden Migrantenbevölkerung und beschränken sich meist auf rein medizinische Kriterien. Die vorliegende Arbeit vergleicht auf Grundlage von Daten des Sozio-oekonomischen Panels (SOEP) den Gesundheitszustand spezifischer Migrantengruppen mit dem der einheimischen Bevölkerung anhand des SF-12, einem mehrdimensionalen Messinstrument der gesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität. Der Schwerpunkt der Analysen liegt allerdings darauf, über die methodische Integration von gruppenvergleichender Faktoranalyse (MGCFA), der Schätzung latenter Mittelwerte (MACS) und dem Einbezug von Kovariaten (MIMIC) zu testen, ob der SF-12 interkulturelle Äquivalenz aufweist und dementsprechend gültige Vergleiche zwischen der einheimischen Bevölkerung und verschiedenen Migrantengruppen zulässt. Die Analysen zeigen, dass sich der SF-12 zwar als interkulturell valide erweist, allerdings finden sich unabhängig vom kulturellen Hintergrund Verzerrungen aufgrund der Frageformulierungen und der Antwortskala, die eine Modifikation des Messmodells nahelegen. Weiterhin lässt sich ein hinsichtlich einzelner soziostruktureller Merkmale unterschiedliches Antwortverhalten (Differential Item Functioning (DIF)) identifizieren. Unter Berücksichtigung dieser Drittvariableneffekte und DIF lassen sich schließlich keine signifikanten Unterschiede hinsichtlich des Gesundheitszustandes zwischen Migranten und Nichtmigranten feststellen. Es bedarf jedoch weiterer Forschung zum Einfluss alternativer Kovariaten auf die Messäquivalenz und zu den konkreten Ursachen der gefundenen DIF-Effekte.

Suggested Citation

  • Maike Schulz, 2012. "Messartefakte bei der Erfassung der Gesundheit von Migranten in Deutschland: zur interkulturellen Äquivalenz des SF-12-Fragebogen im Sozio-oekonomischen Panel (SOEP)," SOEPpapers on Multidisciplinary Panel Data Research 447, DIW Berlin, The German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP).
    • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwsop:diw_sp447
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Keywords

    Measurement equivalence; Migration; Gesundheit; SF-12; health; differential item functioning;
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