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Beneficios económicos y laborales de la educación media y acceso a la educación superior

Author

Listed:
  • Fabio Sánchez
  • Alexis Munari
  • Tatiana Velasco
  • María Camila Ayala
  • Xiomara Pulido

Abstract

El objetivo de este capítulo es caracterizar el acceso a la educación superior y al mercado laboral e identificar los determinantes de la transición desde la educación básica (grado noveno) a la educación media y a la educación superior. A partir de la Gran Encuesta Integrada de Hogares (GEIH), se encuentra que existe una relación positiva y creciente entre el ingreso y el nivel educativo. En adición, el acceso al mercado laboral aumenta cuando el nivel educativo es mayor. Se observa que los beneficios que reciben los individuos con educación media completa son apreciables, aunque son sustancialmente menores a los obtenidos con niveles educativos más altos. Los factores asociados al acceso a la educación superior se analizan con base en el Sistema Integrado de Matrícula (Simat) y al Sistema para la Prevención de la Deserción en educación superior (Spadies). Se encuentra que los estudiantes en extraedad y que pertenecen a los estratos socioeconómicos más bajos tienen menor probabilidad de permanencia en la educación media y menor probabilidad de acceso a la educación superior. Estos resultados se contrarrestan con las características de las sedes educativas y están relacionados con mayor calidad tales como la proporción de docentes de planta y sedes con grado undécimo. Asimismo, la oferta de cupos de educación superior se asocia positivamente con el acceso a este nivel educativo. ***** This chapter aims to characterize access to higher education and labor market, and to identify the determinants of the transition from ninth grade to high school and higher education. Based on information from Gran Encuesta Integrada de Hogares (GEIH), we found that there is a positive and growing relationship between income and schooling. In addition, access to the labor market increases when schooling is higher. We found that the benefits received by individuals with complete high school are significant, though substantially lower than those obtained with higher levels of education. Factors associated with access to higher education are analyzed based on data from the Sistema Integrado de Matrícula (Simat) and the Sistema para la Prevención de la Deserción en educación superior (Spadies). We found that overaged students and those who belong to lower socioeconomic strata have lower probability of persistence in high school and lower access to higher education. Nevertheless, these findings are counteracted by school’s characteristics related to better education quality, such as proportion of civil service teachers and school with eleventh grade. Likewise, the supply of higher education is positively associated with the access to this educational level.

Suggested Citation

  • Fabio Sánchez & Alexis Munari & Tatiana Velasco & María Camila Ayala & Xiomara Pulido, 2016. "Beneficios económicos y laborales de la educación media y acceso a la educación superior," Documentos de trabajo 17660, Escuela de Gobierno - Universidad de los Andes.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000547:017660
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    References listed on IDEAS

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