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Segregación educativa y la brecha salarial por género entre los recién graduados universitarios en Colombia

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  • Laura Cepeda Emiliani
  • Juan D. Barón

Abstract

In this paper we show the importance of subject of degree in explaining the gender wage gap in Colombia. In order to minimize the influence of gender differences in experience, promotions, and job changes on the wage gap, we focus on college graduates who have a formal job and who have been in the labor market at most one year. Using unique, administrative datasets with detailed subjects of degree, we find that the wage gap against women is on average 11% and that 40% of it can be explained by differences in subject of degree. Using a distributional decomposition, we find an increasing gender wage gap across the distribution of wages (from 2% at the bottom to 15% at the top), although subject of degree explains a lower 30% of the gap at the top. Policies designed to reduce the gender wage gap need to address the differing gender educational choices and the factors that influence them. These policies would be more effective in reducing the gap for median wage earners. RESUMEN: En este trabajo mostramos la importancia del área de estudio para explicar la brecha de salarios por género en Colombia. Para minimizar la influencia que pueden tener las diferencias por género en la experiencia, ascensos laborales y cambios de trabajo sobre la brecha, nos enfocamos en los graduados universitarios con trabajos formales que hayan estado en el mercado laboral como máximo un ano. Utilizando bases de datos administrativas y únicas con información detallada acerca de las áreas de estudio de los graduados, encontramos que la brecha salarial en contra de las mujeres es en promedio 11% y que el 40% de ella puede ser explicada por diferencias en el área de estudio. Asimismo, una descomposición en la distribución salarial nos muestra que la brecha aumenta a lo largo de la distribución (de 2% en la parte baja a 15% en la parte alta), aunque el área de estudio explica un porcentaje menor, 30 %, de la brecha en la parte alta. Las políticas disenadas para reducir la brecha deben enfocarse en las distintas decisiones educativas que toman hombres y mujeres y los factores que las influencian. Estas políticas serían más efectivas en reducir la brecha para los que ganan salarios cercanos a la media.

Suggested Citation

  • Laura Cepeda Emiliani & Juan D. Barón, 2012. "Segregación educativa y la brecha salarial por género entre los recién graduados universitarios en Colombia," Documentos de Trabajo Sobre Economía Regional y Urbana 9310, Banco de la República, Economía Regional.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000102:009310
    DOI: 10.32468/dtseru.162
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    As found by EconAcademics.org, the blog aggregator for Economics research:
    1. Segregación educativa y la brecha salarial por género entre los recién graduados universitarios en Colombia
      by Maximo Rossi in Wikiprogress América Latina on 2012-02-24 20:28:00

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    Cited by:

    1. Gerson Javier Perez, 2012. "Primera versión de la política de seguridad democrática: se cumplieron los objetivos?," Revista de Economía del Rosario, Universidad del Rosario, December.
    2. CONTRERAS CUEVA, Angélica Beatriz & DÁVALOS GARCÍA, Sergio & GONZÁLEZ-MORALES, Olga & ÁLVAREZ-GONZÁLEZ, José Antonio, 2014. "The Employability Of Mexican University Students: An Analysis By Gender And Training Areas," Regional and Sectoral Economic Studies, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 14(3), pages 155-168.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    brecha salarial por género; área de estudio; descomposición;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials
    • J71 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor Discrimination - - - Hiring and Firing

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