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Shocks Externos Y Tensiones Inflacionarias En Argentina: Una Aproximación Empírica Poskeynesiana-Estructuralista

Author

Listed:
  • Gabriel Montes-Rojas

    (Instituto Interdisciplinario de Economía Política de Buenos Aires - UBA - CONICET)

  • Fernando Toledo

    (Universidad Nacional de La Plata)

Abstract

Se examinan los efectos empíricos de dos shocks externos que desencadenan presiones inflacionarias en Argentina. El primer shock involucra los precios internacionales de los productos básicos agrícolas exportados por el país. El segundo shock afecta el tipo de cambio nominal ($/U$S). Mediante la estimación de modelos VAR con quintiles direccionados (VARQD) para el período 2004Q1-2019Q4, se advierte cómo el pass-through de estos shocks a la tasa de inflación opera de manera asimétrica y se manifiesta principalmente a través de incrementos en los salarios nominales. Se estima que un shock en los precios internacionales de las materias primas agrícolas exportadas por Argentina genera un pass-through del 10%, frente a un shock en el tipo de cambio nominal con un pass-through del 25%. Se interpretan estos resultados resaltando la relevancia del conflicto distributivo como un mecanismo clave de transmisión inflacionaria, en línea con ciertos modelos poskeynesianos-estructuralistas (PK-E). Estos hallazgos plantean importantes desafíos para el diseño de la política económica, en particular considerando la adopción de medidas que tengan como objetivo desvincular los efectos potencialmente disruptivos de los shocks externos sobre las presiones inflacionarias en Argentina.

Suggested Citation

  • Gabriel Montes-Rojas & Fernando Toledo, 2021. "Shocks Externos Y Tensiones Inflacionarias En Argentina: Una Aproximación Empírica Poskeynesiana-Estructuralista," Documentos de trabajo del Instituto Interdisciplinario de Economía Política IIEP (UBA-CONICET) 2021-64, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, Instituto Interdisciplinario de Economía Política IIEP (UBA-CONICET).
  • Handle: RePEc:ake:iiepdt:202164
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Shocks externos; Precio internacional de commodities de exportación; Tipo de cambio nominal; Salarios; Conflicto distributivo; Tasa de inflación; Argentina; Modelos VAR;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C32 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes; State Space Models
    • E12 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General Aggregative Models - - - Keynes; Keynesian; Post-Keynesian; Modern Monetary Theory
    • E31 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Price Level; Inflation; Deflation
    • F31 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Foreign Exchange
    • F41 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - Open Economy Macroeconomics

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