IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/ags/uerssr/278812.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

U.S. Commuting Zones and Labor Market Areas: A 1990 Update

Author

Listed:
  • Tolbert, Charles M.
  • Sizer, Molly

Abstract

This document provides an overview of a research project that identified U.S. commuting zones and labor market areas with journey-to-work data from the 1990 Census. This research replicated a previous delineation of U.S. 1980 commuting zones and labor market areas. County to county flows of commuters were analyzed with a hierarchical cluster algorithm. The results of the cluster analysis were used to identify commuting zones (i.e., group's of counties with strong commuting ties). For 1990, 741 commuting zones were delineated for all U.S. counties and county equivalents. These commuting zones are intended for use as spatial measures of local labor markets when researchers are not concerned with minimum population thresholds. Where necessary, the commuting zones were then aggregated into 394 labor market areas that met the Bureau of the Census' criterion— of a 100,000 population minimum. This was done to acquire a special 1990 Census Public Use Microdata Sample (PUMS-L) that identifies labor market areas in which individuals live and work. The commuting zones and labor market areas were also classified according to the population of the largest place within them.

Suggested Citation

  • Tolbert, Charles M. & Sizer, Molly, 1996. "U.S. Commuting Zones and Labor Market Areas: A 1990 Update," Staff Reports 278812, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:uerssr:278812
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.278812
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/278812/files/ers-report-673.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.22004/ag.econ.278812?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. P B Slater & Referee C Wymer, 1987. "Algorithm 13: Strong Component Hierarchical Clustering," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 19(1), pages 117-125, January.
    2. Tolbert, Charles M., II & Killian, Molly Sizer, 1987. "Labor Market Areas for the United States," Staff Reports 277959, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Berdegué, J. & Jara, B. & Modrego, F., 2012. "Ciudades, territorios y crecimiento inclusivo en Chile," Working papers 103, Rimisp Latin American Center for Rural Development.
    2. Jeff Crump & Norman Walzer, 1996. "Producer-service workers in the nonmetropolitan Midwest," Assessing the Midwest Economy RE-2, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.
    3. Deiana, C, 2016. "Local Labour Market Effects of Unemployment on Crime Induced by Trade Shocks," Economics Discussion Papers 16529, University of Essex, Department of Economics.
    4. Andrew Foote & Mark J. Kutzbach & Lars Vilhuber, 2021. "Recalculating ... : How Uncertainty in Local Labour Market Definitions Affects Empirical Findings," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 53(14), pages 1598-1612, March.
    5. Maki, Wilbur R., 1996. "DEVELOPMENT AND COMPETITION IN RURAL AND METROPOLITAN AREAS IN THE U.S.; Proceedings of the Fifth Joint Conference on Agriculture, Food, and the Environment, June 17-18, 1996, Padova, Italy," Working Papers 14419, University of Minnesota, Center for International Food and Agricultural Policy.
    6. Christopher L. Smith, 2012. "The Impact of Low-Skilled Immigration on the Youth Labor Market," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 30(1), pages 55-89.
    7. Colin Jones & Mike Coombes & Neil Dunse & David Watkins & Colin Wymer, 2012. "Tiered Housing Markets and their Relationship to Labour Market Areas," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 49(12), pages 2633-2650, September.
    8. repec:bea:wpaper:0208 is not listed on IDEAS
    9. Atul Teckchandani, 2016. "Bank Ownership and Lending Behaviours: The Relevance of Community Links," Economic Affairs, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 36(2), pages 168-174, June.
    10. Ulrike Unterhofer & Conny Wunsch, 2022. "Macroeconomic Effects of Active Labour Market Policies: A Novel Instrumental Variables Approach," Papers 2211.12437, arXiv.org.
    11. Parsons, Christopher & Reysenbach, Tyler & Wahba, Jackline, 2020. "Network Sorting and Labor Market Outcomes: Evidence from the Chaotic Dispersal of the Viet Kieu," IZA Discussion Papers 13952, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    12. Raven Molloy & Christopher L. Smith & Abigail Wozniak, 2011. "Internal Migration in the United States," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 25(3), pages 173-196, Summer.
    13. David H. Autor & David Dorn, 2013. "The Growth of Low-Skill Service Jobs and the Polarization of the US Labor Market," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 103(5), pages 1553-1597, August.
    14. Mayda, Anna-Maria & Parsons, Christopher & Pham, Han & Vézina, Pierre-Louis, 2022. "Refugees and foreign direct investment: Quasi-experimental evidence from US resettlements," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 156(C).
    15. Berdegué, Julio A. & Carriazo, Fernando & Jara, Benjamín & Modrego, Félix & Soloaga, Isidro, 2015. "Cities, Territories, and Inclusive Growth: Unraveling Urban–Rural Linkages in Chile, Colombia, and Mexico," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 56-71.
    16. ADACHI Daisuke & FUKAI Taiyo & KAWAGUCHI Daiji & SAITO Yukiko, 2020. "Commuting Zones in Japan," Discussion papers 20021, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI).
    17. António Afonso & Ana Venâncio, 2016. "The relevance of commuting zones for regional spending efficiency," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 48(10), pages 865-877, February.
    18. Kevin T. McNamara & Lewell F. Gunter, 1989. "Off-Farm Earnings: the Impact of Economic Structure," The Review of Regional Studies, Southern Regional Science Association, vol. 19(3), pages 37-45, Fall.
    19. Andrew L. Owen, 2022. "The Fracking Boom, Labor Structure, and Adolescent Fertility," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 41(5), pages 2211-2231, October.
    20. Holland, David W. & Lewin, Paul & Sorte, Bruce & Weber, Bruce A., 2009. "Changing Core-Periphery Economic Interdependence in the Late Twentieth Century: The Emergence of the Urban Core in Western Oregon," 2009 Annual Meeting, July 26-28, 2009, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 49614, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    21. Andrea Batch & Benjamin R. Bridgman & Abe C. Dunn & Mahsa Gholizadeh, 2023. "Consumption Zones," BEA Papers 0114, Bureau of Economic Analysis.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:ags:uerssr:278812. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: AgEcon Search (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/ersgvus.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.