IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/rre/publsh/v19y1989i3p37-45.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Off-Farm Earnings: the Impact of Economic Structure

Author

Listed:
  • Kevin T. McNamara

    (University of Georgia)

  • Lewell F. Gunter

    (University of Georgia)

Abstract

Local economic structure, or opportunities to earn nonfarm income, should have significant implications for farm family income. This paper reports the results of an analysis of the off-farm earnings of Georgia and Oklahoma farm operators. Unlike earlier studies, this analysis examines the relationship between the economic region in which a farm operator resides and his allocation of labor to non farm activities. The following section of the paper presents the theoretical basis for the analysis. This is followed by sections on the empirical model, the data, the results and the conclusions.

Suggested Citation

  • Kevin T. McNamara & Lewell F. Gunter, 1989. "Off-Farm Earnings: the Impact of Economic Structure," The Review of Regional Studies, Southern Regional Science Association, vol. 19(3), pages 37-45, Fall.
    • Handle: RePEc:rre:publsh:v19:y:1989:i:3:p:37-45
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://journal.srsa.org/ojs/index.php/RRS/article/view/19.3.7/pdf/
    File Function: To View On Journal Page
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: http://journal.srsa.org/ojs/index.php/RRS/article/download/19.3.7/pdf/
    File Function: To Download Article
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Huffman, Wallace E, 1980. "Farm and Off-Farm Work Decisions: The Role of Human Capital," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 62(1), pages 14-23, February.
    2. Sanint, Luis R., 1982. "Applying Principal Components Regression Analysis to Time Series Demand Estimation," Journal of Agricultural Economics Research, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, vol. 34(3), pages 1-7, July.
    3. John E. Lee, 1965. "Allocating Farm Resources between Farm and Nonfarm Uses," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 47(1), pages 83-92.
    4. Ray D. Bollman, 1979. "Off-Farm Work by Farmers: an Application of the Kinked Demand Curve for Labour," Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society/Societe canadienne d'agroeconomie, vol. 27(3), pages 37-60, November.
    5. Wayne Simpson & Marilyn Kapitany, 1983. "The Off-Farm Work Behavior of Farm Operators," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 65(4), pages 801-805.
    6. Heckman, James, 2013. "Sample selection bias as a specification error," Applied Econometrics, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), vol. 31(3), pages 129-137.
    7. Tolbert, Charles M., II & Killian, Molly Sizer, 1987. "Labor Market Areas for the United States," Staff Reports 277959, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. David H. Hearn & Kevin T. McNamara & Lewell Gunter, 1996. "Local Economic Structure And Off‐Farm Labour Earnings Of Farm Operators And Spouses," Journal of Agricultural Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 47(1‐4), pages 28-36, January.
    2. Hastings, Steven E. & Mackenzie, John & Mukherjee, Jaideep, 1991. "An Analysis Of The Off-Farm Work Decision Of Farm Opera Tors And Their Spouses," 1991 Annual Meeting, August 4-7, Manhattan, Kansas 271083, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Findeis, Jill L. & Hallberg, M. C. & Lass, Daniel, 1987. "Off-Farm Employment: Research and Issues," Staff Paper Series 256841, Pennsylvania State University, Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology.
    2. Gunter, Lewell F. & McNamara, Kevin T., 1990. "The Impact Of Local Labor Market Conditions On The Off-Farm Earnings Of Farm Operators," Southern Journal of Agricultural Economics, Southern Agricultural Economics Association, vol. 22(1), pages 1-11, July.
    3. Reddy, V. K. & Findeis, J. L. & Hallberg, M. C., 1988. "Determinants of Off-farm Labor Participation and Impacts on Income Distribution Among U.S. Farm Families," Miscellaneous Series 257745, Pennsylvania State University.
    4. Findeis, Jill L., 1987. "Off-Farm Employment: Research and Issues," 1987 Annual Meeting, August 2-5, East Lansing, Michigan 270109, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association).
    5. Robinson, Chris & McMahon, Pat J., 1981. "Off-Farm Investment and Employment in the Australian Grazing Industry: A Preliminary Analysis," Review of Marketing and Agricultural Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 49(01), pages 1-21, April.
    6. Thia C. Hennessy & Tahir Rehman, 2008. "Assessing the Impact of the ‘Decoupling’ Reform of the Common Agricultural Policy on Irish Farmers’ Off‐farm Labour Market Participation Decisions," Journal of Agricultural Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 59(1), pages 41-56, February.
    7. Hastings, Steven E. & Mackenzie, John & Mukherjee, Jaideep, 1991. "An Analysis Of The Off-Farm Work Decision Of Farm Opera Tors And Their Spouses," 1991 Annual Meeting, August 4-7, Manhattan, Kansas 271083, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association).
    8. Donnellan, Trevor & Hennessy, Thia, 2012. "Defining a theoretical model of farm households’ labour allocation decisions," Factor Markets Working Papers 140, Centre for European Policy Studies.
    9. Weersink, Alfons & Nicholson, Charles & Weerhewa, Jeeveka, 1998. "Multiple job holdings among dairy farm families in New York and Ontario," Agricultural Economics, Blackwell, vol. 18(2), pages 127-143, March.
    10. Kraybill, David S. & Johnson, Thomas G., 1986. "Off-Farm Employment And Its Effects In The Community," 1986 Annual Meeting, July 27-30, Reno, Nevada 278039, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association).
    11. Donnellan, Trevor & Hennessy, Thia C., 2012. "The Labour Allocation Decisions of Farm Households: Defining a theoretical model," Working papers 137021, Factor Markets, Centre for European Policy Studies.
    12. Lass, Daniel A. & Findeis, Jill L. & Hallberg, Milton C., 1989. "Off-Farm Employment Decisions By Massachusetts Farm Households," Northeastern Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Northeastern Agricultural and Resource Economics Association, vol. 18(2), pages 1-11, October.
    13. Chul‐Woo Kwon & Peter F. Orazem & Daniel M. Otto, 2006. "Off‐farm labor supply responses to permanent and transitory farm income," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 34(1), pages 59-67, January.
    14. Wang, Xiaobing & Herzfeld, Thomas & Glauben, Thomas, 2007. "Labor allocation in transition: Evidence from Chinese rural households," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 18(3), pages 287-308.
    15. Tocco, Barbara & Bailey, Alastair & Davidova, Sophia, 2013. "Determinants to Leave Agriculture and Change Occupational Sector: Evidence from an Enlarged EU," Working papers 155704, Factor Markets, Centre for European Policy Studies.
    16. Peter Howley & Emma Dillon & Thia Hennessy, 2014. "It’s not all about the money: understanding farmers’ labor allocation choices," Agriculture and Human Values, Springer;The Agriculture, Food, & Human Values Society (AFHVS), vol. 31(2), pages 261-271, June.
    17. Robinson, Chris & McMahon, Pat J. & Quiggin, John C., 1982. "Labour Supply And Off-Farm Work By Farmers: Theory And Estimation," Australian Journal of Agricultural Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 26(1), pages 1-16, April.
    18. Ooms, Daan & Hall, A.R. Alastair, 2005. "Panel Data Estimation of Labour Supply Equations for Dutch Dairy Farmers," 89th Seminar, February 2-5, 2005, Parma, Italy 234636, European Association of Agricultural Economists.
    19. Loughrey, Jason & Hennessy, Thia & Hanrahan, Kevin & Donnellan, Trevor & Raimondi, Valentina & Olper, Alessandro, 2013. "Determinants of Farm Labour Use: A Comparison between Ireland and Italy," 2013: Productivity and Its Impacts on Global Trade, June 2-4, 2013. Seville, Spain 152332, International Agricultural Trade Research Consortium.
    20. Latruffe, Laure & Mann, Stefan, 2015. "Labour constraints on choosing profitable products for part-time farmers in Swiss agriculture," Bio-based and Applied Economics Journal, Italian Association of Agricultural and Applied Economics (AIEAA), vol. 4(2), pages 1-15, August.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:rre:publsh:v19:y:1989:i:3:p:37-45. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Tammy Leonard & Lei Zhang (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.srsa.org .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.