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Entrepreneurial Activity In American Indian Nations: Extending The Gem Methodology

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  • REBECCA J. FRANKLIN

    (School of Entrepreneurship, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA)

  • MICHAEL H. MORRIS

    (School of Entrepreneurship, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA)

  • JUSTIN W. WEBB

    (School of Entrepreneurship, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA)

Abstract

Drawing on institutional theory and using a methodology adapted from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM), early stage entrepreneurial activities are examined within American Indian nations. Examining a context within a larger institutional context, comparisons are made between three American Indian nations and the United States. Patterns are identified regarding total entrepreneurial activity (TEA), nascent entrepreneurship, business discontinuation and new and established business rates. Additional analyses are conducted of individual-level variables within American Indian nations including location, self-efficacy and other variables in relation to nascent entrepreneurship and business ownership. Implications are drawn for tribal entrepreneurship development and further extension of the GEM methodology.

Suggested Citation

  • Rebecca J. Franklin & Michael H. Morris & Justin W. Webb, 2013. "Entrepreneurial Activity In American Indian Nations: Extending The Gem Methodology," Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship (JDE), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 18(02), pages 1-26.
    • Handle: RePEc:wsi:jdexxx:v:18:y:2013:i:02:n:s108494671350009x
    DOI: 10.1142/S108494671350009X
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Acs, Zoltan J. & Szerb, László, 2009. "The Global Entrepreneurship Index (GEINDEX)," Foundations and Trends(R) in Entrepreneurship, now publishers, vol. 5(5), pages 341-435, August.
    2. Kruno Kukoc & Dominic Regan, 2008. "Measuring entrepreneurship," Economic Roundup, The Treasury, Australian Government, issue 1, pages 15-26, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Stephanie J. Erdmann, 2016. "American Indian Entrepreneurs' Perceptions Of Their Success In Establishing Businesses On Or Near Reservations In Wisconsin," Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship (JDE), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 21(03), pages 1-23, September.

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