IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/wly/jfutmk/v41y2021i8p1180-1200.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Pricing VIX options with realized volatility

Author

Listed:
  • Chen Tong
  • Zhuo Huang

Abstract

We investigate the role of realized volatility in pricing VIX options by using the generalized affine realized volatility (GARV) model, and the Realized generalized autoregressive conditionally heteroscedastic (GARCH) model. We develop a closed‐form pricing formula for the (affine) GARV model. For the (nonaffine) log‐linear Realized GARCH model, we introduce a novel approximation approach to derive its analytical pricing formula. Empirical results show that models with realized volatility significantly outperform competing models based on daily returns only, both in‐ and out‐of‐sample. The Realized GARCH model offers the best pricing performance, as it has fewer constraints and a more flexible modeling structure.

Suggested Citation

  • Chen Tong & Zhuo Huang, 2021. "Pricing VIX options with realized volatility," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 41(8), pages 1180-1200, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:jfutmk:v:41:y:2021:i:8:p:1180-1200
    DOI: 10.1002/fut.22201
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.1002/fut.22201
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1002/fut.22201?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Peter Christoffersen & Steven Heston & Kris Jacobs, 2013. "Capturing Option Anomalies with a Variance-Dependent Pricing Kernel," Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 26(8), pages 1963-2006.
    2. Peter Christoffersen & Kris Jacobs & Karim Mimouni, 2010. "Volatility Dynamics for the S&P500: Evidence from Realized Volatility, Daily Returns, and Option Prices," Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 23(8), pages 3141-3189, August.
    3. Ole E. Barndorff-Nielsen & Peter Reinhard Hansen & Asger Lunde & Neil Shephard, 2008. "Designing Realized Kernels to Measure the ex post Variation of Equity Prices in the Presence of Noise," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 76(6), pages 1481-1536, November.
    4. Jinji Hao & Jin E. Zhang, 2013. "GARCH Option Pricing Models, the CBOE VIX, and Variance Risk Premium," Journal of Financial Econometrics, Oxford University Press, vol. 11(3), pages 556-580, June.
    5. Peter Reinhard Hansen & Zhuo Huang, 2016. "Exponential GARCH Modeling With Realized Measures of Volatility," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 34(2), pages 269-287, April.
    6. Yueh‐Neng Lin, 2007. "Pricing VIX futures: Evidence from integrated physical and risk‐neutral probability measures," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 27(12), pages 1175-1217, December.
    7. Song, Zhaogang & Xiu, Dacheng, 2016. "A tale of two option markets: Pricing kernels and volatility risk," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 190(1), pages 176-196.
    8. Grunbichler, Andreas & Longstaff, Francis A., 1996. "Valuing futures and options on volatility," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 20(6), pages 985-1001, July.
    9. Christoffersen, Peter & Feunou, Bruno & Jacobs, Kris & Meddahi, Nour, 2014. "The Economic Value of Realized Volatility: Using High-Frequency Returns for Option Valuation," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 49(3), pages 663-697, June.
    10. Peter Christoffersen & Kris Jacobs, 2004. "Which GARCH Model for Option Valuation?," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 50(9), pages 1204-1221, September.
    11. Mencía, Javier & Sentana, Enrique, 2013. "Valuation of VIX derivatives," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 108(2), pages 367-391.
    12. Engle, Robert F. & Gallo, Giampiero M., 2006. "A multiple indicators model for volatility using intra-daily data," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 131(1-2), pages 3-27.
    13. K. Hsieh & P. Ritchken, 2005. "An empirical comparison of GARCH option pricing models," Review of Derivatives Research, Springer, vol. 8(3), pages 129-150, December.
    14. Majewski, Adam A. & Bormetti, Giacomo & Corsi, Fulvio, 2015. "Smile from the past: A general option pricing framework with multiple volatility and leverage components," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 187(2), pages 521-531.
    15. Bo Jing & Shenghong Li & Yong Ma, 2020. "Pricing VIX options with volatility clustering," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 40(6), pages 928-944, June.
    16. Song‐Ping Zhu & Guang‐Hua Lian, 2012. "An analytical formula for VIX futures and its applications," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 32(2), pages 166-190, February.
    17. Jiling Cao & Xinfeng Ruan & Shu Su & Wenjun Zhang, 2020. "Pricing VIX derivatives with infinite‐activity jumps," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 40(3), pages 329-354, March.
    18. Dimitris Psychoyios & George Dotsis & Raphael Markellos, 2010. "A jump diffusion model for VIX volatility options and futures," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 35(3), pages 245-269, October.
    19. Zhuo Huang & Chen Tong & Tianyi Wang, 2020. "Which volatility model for option valuation in China? Empirical evidence from SSE 50 ETF options," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 52(17), pages 1866-1880, April.
    20. Qi Wang & Zerong Wang, 2021. "VIX futures and its closed‐form pricing through an affine GARCH model with realized variance," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 41(1), pages 135-156, January.
    21. Nelson, Daniel B, 1991. "Conditional Heteroskedasticity in Asset Returns: A New Approach," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 59(2), pages 347-370, March.
    22. Neil Shephard & Kevin Sheppard, 2010. "Realising the future: forecasting with high-frequency-based volatility (HEAVY) models," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 25(2), pages 197-231.
    23. Robert JARROW & Andrew RUDD, 2008. "Approximate Option Valuation For Arbitrary Stochastic Processes," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Financial Derivatives Pricing Selected Works of Robert Jarrow, chapter 1, pages 9-31, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    24. Hongkai Cao & Alexandru Badescu & Zhenyu Cui & Sarath Kumar Jayaraman, 2020. "Valuation of VIX and target volatility options with affine GARCH models," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 40(12), pages 1880-1917, December.
    25. Kaeck, Andreas & Alexander, Carol, 2013. "Continuous-time VIX dynamics: On the role of stochastic volatility of volatility," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 28(C), pages 46-56.
    26. Heston, Steven L & Nandi, Saikat, 2000. "A Closed-Form GARCH Option Valuation Model," Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 13(3), pages 585-625.
    27. Zhuo Huang & Chen Tong & Tianyi Wang, 2019. "VIX term structure and VIX futures pricing with realized volatility," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 39(1), pages 72-93, January.
    28. Park, Yang-Ho, 2016. "The effects of asymmetric volatility and jumps on the pricing of VIX derivatives," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 192(1), pages 313-328.
    29. Xinglin Yang & Peng Wang, 2018. "VIX futures pricing with conditional skewness," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 38(9), pages 1126-1151, September.
    30. Peter Reinhard Hansen & Zhuo Huang & Howard Howan Shek, 2012. "Realized GARCH: a joint model for returns and realized measures of volatility," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 27(6), pages 877-906, September.
    31. Tianyi Wang & Yiwen Shen & Yueting Jiang & Zhuo Huang, 2017. "Pricing the CBOE VIX Futures with the Heston–Nandi GARCH Model," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 37(7), pages 641-659, July.
    32. Guang-Hua Lian & Song-Ping Zhu, 2013. "Pricing VIX options with stochastic volatility and random jumps," Decisions in Economics and Finance, Springer;Associazione per la Matematica, vol. 36(1), pages 71-88, May.
    33. Zhuo Huang & Tianyi Wang & Peter Reinhard Hansen, 2017. "Option Pricing with the Realized GARCH Model: An Analytical Approximation Approach," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 37(4), pages 328-358, April.
    34. Xingguo Luo & Jin E. Zhang & Wenjun Zhang, 2019. "Instantaneous squared VIX and VIX derivatives," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 39(10), pages 1193-1213, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Chen Tong & Zhuo Huang & Tianyi Wang, 2022. "Do VIX futures contribute to the valuation of VIX options?," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 42(9), pages 1644-1664, September.
    2. Chen Tong & Peter Reinhard Hansen & Zhuo Huang, 2022. "Option pricing with state‐dependent pricing kernel," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 42(8), pages 1409-1433, August.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Chen Tong & Zhuo Huang & Tianyi Wang, 2022. "Do VIX futures contribute to the valuation of VIX options?," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 42(9), pages 1644-1664, September.
    2. Fangsheng Yin & Yang Bian & Tianyi Wang, 2021. "A short cut: Directly pricing VIX futures with discrete‐time long memory model and asymmetric jumps," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 41(4), pages 458-477, April.
    3. Wang, Qi & Wang, Zerong, 2020. "VIX valuation and its futures pricing through a generalized affine realized volatility model with hidden components and jump," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 116(C).
    4. Hongkai Cao & Alexandru Badescu & Zhenyu Cui & Sarath Kumar Jayaraman, 2020. "Valuation of VIX and target volatility options with affine GARCH models," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 40(12), pages 1880-1917, December.
    5. Zhuo Huang & Chen Tong & Tianyi Wang, 2019. "VIX term structure and VIX futures pricing with realized volatility," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 39(1), pages 72-93, January.
    6. Qi Wang & Zerong Wang, 2021. "VIX futures and its closed‐form pricing through an affine GARCH model with realized variance," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 41(1), pages 135-156, January.
    7. Gongyue Jiang & Gaoxiu Qiao & Feng Ma & Lu Wang, 2022. "Directly pricing VIX futures with observable dynamic jumps based on high‐frequency VIX," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 42(8), pages 1518-1548, August.
    8. Wu, Xinyu & Zhao, An & Liu, Li, 2023. "Forecasting VIX using two-component realized EGARCH model," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 67(C).
    9. Chen Tong & Peter Reinhard Hansen & Zhuo Huang, 2022. "Option pricing with state‐dependent pricing kernel," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 42(8), pages 1409-1433, August.
    10. Gaoxiu Qiao & Gongyue Jiang, 2023. "VIX futures pricing based on high‐frequency VIX: A hybrid approach combining SVR with parametric models," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 43(9), pages 1238-1260, September.
    11. Peter Reinhard Hansen & Zhuo Huang & Chen Tong & Tianyi Wang, 2021. "Realized GARCH, CBOE VIX, and the Volatility Risk Premium," Papers 2112.05302, arXiv.org.
    12. Venter, Pierre J & Maré, Eben, 2022. "Price discovery in the volatility index option market: A univariate GARCH approach," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 44(C).
    13. Qiao, Gaoxiu & Yang, Jiyu & Li, Weiping, 2020. "VIX forecasting based on GARCH-type model with observable dynamic jumps: A new perspective," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 53(C).
    14. Peter Reinhard Hansen & Chen Tong, 2022. "Option Pricing with Time-Varying Volatility Risk Aversion," Papers 2204.06943, arXiv.org, revised Oct 2022.
    15. Xingguo Luo & Jin E. Zhang & Wenjun Zhang, 2019. "Instantaneous squared VIX and VIX derivatives," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 39(10), pages 1193-1213, October.
    16. Qiao, Gaoxiu & Jiang, Gongyue & Yang, Jiyu, 2022. "VIX term structure forecasting: New evidence based on the realized semi-variances," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
    17. Jing, Bo & Li, Shenghong & Ma, Yong, 2021. "Consistent pricing of VIX options with the Hawkes jump-diffusion model," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 56(C).
    18. Chen, Xiaoyi & Feng, JianFen & Wang, Tianyi, 2023. "Pricing VIX futures: A framework with random level shifts," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 52(C).
    19. Qiang Liu & Yuhan Jiao & Shuxin Guo, 2022. "GARCH pricing and hedging of VIX options," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 42(6), pages 1039-1066, June.
    20. Papantonis, Ioannis & Rompolis, Leonidas & Tzavalis, Elias, 2023. "Improving variance forecasts: The role of Realized Variance features," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 39(3), pages 1221-1237.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:wly:jfutmk:v:41:y:2021:i:8:p:1180-1200. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Wiley Content Delivery (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.interscience.wiley.com/jpages/0270-7314/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.