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A macroeconomic model of an epidemic with silent transmission and endogenous self‐isolation

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  • Antonio Diez de los Rios

Abstract

I study the interaction between epidemics and economic decisions in a model where: (i) agents allocate their time to market and home production and social and home leisure, (ii) these activities differ in their degree of contagiousness, (iii) some infected individuals are indistinguishable from susceptible individuals and (iv) agents are not necessarily rational. For baseline parameter values for the COVID‐19 pandemic, I find that agents partially self‐isolate by allocating more time to home activities and that the effective reproduction number of the disease stabilizes at 1. Detection and isolation of infected individuals severely mitigate the recession and deaths caused by the pandemic. Modèle macroéconomique d'une épidémie avec transmission silencieuse et isolement volontaire endogène. Dans cet article, j'étudie les liens entre les épidémies et les décisions économiques à l'aide d'un modèle dans lequel : (i) les agents répartissent leur temps entre la production d'un bien marchand et la production d'un bien domestique ainsi quéntre des activités sociales et des loisirs à domicile; (ii) ces activités varient quant à leur degré de contagiosité; (iii) certains individus infectés ne se distinguent en rien des personnes vulnérables et (iv) les agents ne sont pas nécessairement rationnels. En ce qui concerne les valeurs des paramètres de base de la COVID‐19, je constate que les agents s'isolent partiellement en consacrant davantage de temps à des activités domestiques, et que le taux de reproduction effectif se stabilise aux alentours de un. Le dépistage et l'isolement des individus infectés atténuent fortement la récession engendrée par la pandémie.

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  • Antonio Diez de los Rios, 2022. "A macroeconomic model of an epidemic with silent transmission and endogenous self‐isolation," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 55(S1), pages 581-625, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:canjec:v:55:y:2022:i:s1:p:581-625
    DOI: 10.1111/caje.12563
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    1. Miguel Casares & Paul Gomme & Hashmat Khan, 2022. "COVID‐19 pandemic and economic scenarios for Ontario," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 55(S1), pages 503-539, February.

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    JEL classification:

    • E1 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General Aggregative Models
    • H0 - Public Economics - - General
    • I1 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health

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